Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. AbstractAccounting profession is traditional profession and accounting rules and principles have been established and are the same for many years. However, globalization of business, stronger regulations and numerous technological solutions and innovations are not bypassing the accounting profession either. Challenges for the accounting profession are reflected in the need for rapid adaptation and transformation of business practice and business processes without abandoning away from basic accounting rules and principles. The aim of this paper is to analyze and systematize the key challenges that digitalization brings for the accounting profession. Research is based on the review of relevant and available professional and academic literature. The results are showing that accounting profession is faced with numerous challenges in the era of digitalization. Key challenges could be systematized in following: the use of big data in accounting and reporting, cloud computing and continuous accounting, artificial intelligence and blockchain technology. The conclusion of this research is that changes in technology and digitalization will have a significant impact on the accounting profession in the coming period. Changes are moving toward reporting on a daily basis, difference on the way of preparing business and strategic plans, implementation of digital wallet and on-line accounting as well as outsourcing of accounting in distant countries. Education system is going to change in circumstances of growing digitalization of business. Also, users of accounting information in digital era are changing; they want accounting information right away when a business event occurs, not with time lag. Those changes will influence on the way accountants carry out their job, it will be necessary the knowledge of new skills especially in engineering, and, finally, that will lead to new types of the accounting professionals.

Accounting forms a significant part of information on any enterprise and plays the most important role in different levels of enterprise' management as well as in country's. Accounting information is used by various information users, whose decisions may influence various spheres: from performance of enterprises to proceeding the state policy. Its role increased recently under conditions of modern global and competitive market economy, and will be increasing in the future. Importance of accounting information usage highlights the need of appropriate formation of such information. And accounting regulation plays the main role in the process of formation and presentation of accounting information as it determines requirements for accounting methodology, information performed in the single set of financial statements or consolidated financial statements. The purpose of the research is to evaluate evolution of accounting regulation for the period 1990 -2017 and distinguish accounting regulation evolution phases and factors, which influenced development of the phases. Six countries, which are members of the European Unionthe Republic of Croatia, the Czech Republic, the Republic of

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Applied accounting basis affects the scope of accounting information that are presented in the financial statements and it indicates the financial position and performance of a business entity in a given period. For many years, accrual basis for accounting has been applied in the private sector, but in the public sector full application of accrual basis is still rare and insufficiently represented. This paper investigates and analyses the constraints for the implementation of public sector accounting reform and for the implementation of the accrual basis in public sector accounting. The research was conducted through a survey questionnaire on a sample of 130 budgetary users in 2012 and 242 budgetary users in 2018 in Croatia. Respondents were public managers. Research results showed that the most significant constraints for public sector accounting reform can be summarised in four groups: human resources, financial resources, IT support and long duration and complexity of the process. Public sector managers evaluated financial resources as the most significant constraint. The scientific contribution of this paper is reflected in the supplementation of the literature on public sector accounting reform since it systematically investigates and analyses the constraints that occur in the processes of reform. In addition, scientific contribution is contained in presenting the results of the primary research about the constraints for the implementation of public sector accounting reform and the implementation of the accrual basis in public sector accounting in Croatia.

Some countries base national public sector accounting standards on IPSASs, keeping their own national sovereignty, others prepare IPSASs compliant financial statements, while some intend to change to accruals and consult IPSASs. This paper contributes to the literature on IPSASs implementation and adoption by highlighting changes in progress in Croatia, where neither national public sector accounting standards are developed, nor IPSASs appliance mandatory required, whilst IPSASs are recommended by regulations. This study aims to broaden international discussions about public sector accounting reforms, reflect on Croatian public sector accounting developments, examine the implementation level of accounting solutions defined by IPSASs in Croatian public sector, and specify eligible tendencies towards more comprehensive IPSASs appliance. We discuss the requirements of and compliance with IPSAS 6, 22 and 24. The study shows that although IPSASs are not obligatory enacted in Croatia, certain Croatian public sector financial reporting procedures comply with those recommended by IPSASs.