Background: The otic ganglion (OG) is a cranial parasympathetic ganglion located in the infratemporal fossa under the foramen ovale (FO) and adjacent to the medial part of the mandibular nerve. Parasympathetic innervation of intracranial vessels from the OG has been shown both in animal and human models and evidence suggests that the OG plays an important role in the cranial vasomotor response. We review the evidence that positions the OG as a viable target for headache disorders. The OG is a small structure and not detectable on medical imaging. The FO is easily identifiable on CT scans and the mandibular nerve on MRI, hence, the position of the OG may be predicted if the mean distance from the FO is known. Objective: The objective is to describe the average distance between the FO and the OG in a sample of 18 infratemporal fossae from 21 cadavers. Methods: A total of 21 high definition photographs of 21 infratemporal fossae from 18 cadavers were analyzed. The distance between the inferior edge of the medial part of the FO to the OG was measured. Results: Four photographs of infratemporal fossae of four cadavers were excluded due to the inability to localize the inferior edge of the FO. A total of 15 infratemporal fossae from 17 cadavers were measured. The mean distance from the FO to the OG was 4.5 mm (SD 1.7), range 2.1-7.7 mm. Conclusions: We have described the average distance from the OG to an easily identifiable anatomical landmark that is visible in CT scans, the FO. This anatomical study may aid in the development of strategies to localize the OG in order to explore its role as a therapeutic target for headache disorders.
A study was made of the efficiency for chicks of different types of vitamin‐A concentrates. The influence of two different levels of protein (17 and 26%) and of two kinds of fat supplements (soya‐bean oil and acidulated soya‐bean oil soapstock) on storage of vitamin in the liver was also studied. Vitamin‐A utilisation, as judged by liver storage and survival, is best when the vitamin is given as a gelatin‐coated preparation. Utilisation of the vitamin is not influenced by variation of the dietary protein level within the range likely to encountered in practical management. Supplementation of the diet with the above mentioned fats seemed to improve the utilisation of the vitamin, but this effect may have been caused by the tocopherol content of the fats.
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