The pandemic period forces all learning processes to be carried out online by utilizing internet facilities with a laptop. The position of using a laptop that is not ergonomic can cause musculoskeletal disorder. This study aims to determine the correlation between position and duration of student use of laptops during online learning with Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). This research is analytic observational with a cross-sectional approach. The research was conducted on active students of the Medical Study Program, Muhammadiyah Palembang University, with 416 respondents. Primary data collection was taken using a questionnaire with a Nordic Body Map score. The analysis technique used the Chi-Square test. The results showed that the respondents had a high duration of laptop use (48.8%), with a not good position (42.3%).Most musculoskeletal disorders were felt in the neck (75.5%). There was a correlation between the position of using a laptop and musculoskeletal disorders (p 0.652). However, there was no correlation between the duration of laptop use and musculoskeletal disorders (p 0.002). It can be concluded that the position of using a laptop that is not ergonomic caused musculoskeletal disorders.
Clean water reservoirs can become mosquito breeding grounds because water comes from rainwater, water wells, and taps, making them an ideal breeding ground for the Aedes aegypti mosquito vector of the dengue virus. This study aims to determine the hatchability of eggs and the growth of Aedes aegypti in three different types of brooding water in Sako Village, Palembang City. This study is experimental. The sample contains 1200 Aedes aegypti eggs collected from the Health Research and Development Center (Balitbangkes), the Ministry of Health of Indonesia in Baturaja, as well as three types of water collected from the homes of residents suffering from Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Sako Village, Sako District, Palembang City. Data was collected through direct observation for 5 days of egg hatching in the third water, which was repeated three times. The study's results were analyzed by the ANOVA, Honest Significant Difference test (BNJ), and R studio software version 4.1.2. The average number of mosquito eggs that hatched in well water was 77.67%, rainwater was 63,335, tap water was 54.67%, and control was 72.33%. There were significant differences in the effects of the three types of air on the larval and pupal stages of Aedes aegypti development. This study shows that Aedes aegypti mosquitos can breed into adults outside of clean water and water that contains soil, such as water wells. Abstrak: Tempat penampungan air bersih dapat menjadi sarang nyamuk, air berasal dapat berasal dari air hujan, sumur air dan ledeng sehingga menyediakan tempat yang baik bagi nyamuk Aedes aegypti vektor virus dengue untuk berkembang biak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya tetas telur dan perkembangan Aedes aegypti pada tiga jenis air perindukan di Kelurahan Sako Kota Palembang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental. Sampel terdiri dari 1200 butir telur Aedes aegypti yang diperoleh dari Litbangkes Kemenkes Baturaja dan tiga jenis air yang diambil dari dari rumah warga yang menderita penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue yang bertempat tinggal dan menetap di Kelurahan Sako, Kecamatan Sako, Kota Palembang. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dengan melakukan pengamatan langsung selama lima hari terhadap penetasan telur pada ketiga air tersebut yang dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali pengulangan. Hasil penelitian di analisis menggunakan ANOVA, uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) dan software R studio version 4.1.2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata jumlah telur nyamuk yang menetas di air sumur mencapai 77,67%, air hujan 63,335, dan air PDAM 54,67% dan kontrol sebesar 72,33%. Terdapat perbedaan yang siginfikan pengaruh tiga jenis air terhadap perkembangan stadia larva dan pupa Aedes aegypti. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa nyamuk Aedes aegypti mampu berkembang biak menjadi dewasa di luar media air bersih dan air yang dasarnya mengandung tanah seperti air sumur.
The Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito is the main vector of filariasis, various ways to control vector breeding is the use of insecticide from natural ingredients, one of which is basil containing essential oils and proven is effective as a repellent against the mosquito. The objective of this research was to determine the repellent potency of n-hexane extract of basil leaves and stems against the Culex quinquefasciatus. This study was a laboratory experimental study using a completely randomized design, with 3 replications at 7 times intervals. The extract concentrations were 15%, 25%, 35 % and ethanol negative control 96%, the positive control repellent X containing 13% DEET. The results showed that the n-hexane extracts of basil leaves and stems for 6 hours at all concentrations were able to repel mosquitoes up to 92.51%, the one-way ANOVA analysis showed that the value of p= 0.000 (< 0.05), meaning that there was a difference in the number of C. quinquefasciatus perching on the black cloth at various concentrations of n-hexane extracts of leaves and stems of basil, while the probit analysis showed that the effective extract concentration at 90% was 31.52%. The extract of n-hexane leaves and basil stems was effective as a repellent against the C. quinquefasciatus.
The Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito is the main vector of filariasis and a popular effort to control it in society is by using chemical materials, but they cause toxic effects in humans, so it is necessary to use a repelant from natural ingredients, one of which is basil containing essential oils and proven to be effective as a repelant against mosquito. The objective of this research was to determine repelant power of n-hexane extract of basil leaves and stems against the Culex quinquefasciatus. This study was a laboratory experimental study using a completely randomized design, with 3 replications at 7 time intervals. The extract concentrations were 15%, 25%, 35 % and ethanol negative control 96%, the positive control repelant X containing 13% DEET. The results showed that the n-hexane extract of basil leaves and stems for 6 hours at a concentration of 15% was able to resist 75% of mosquito, a concentration of 25% was able to resist as much as 85.05%, and a concentration of 35% was able to resist as much as 92.51%, the one-way ANOVA analysis showed that the value of p = 0.000 (p<0,05), meaning that there was a difference in the number of Culex quinquefasciatus perching on the black cloth at various concentrations of n-hexane extracts of leaves and stems of basil, while the probit analysis showed that the effective extract concentration at 90% was 31.52%. The extract of n-hexane leaves and basil stems was effective as a repelant against the Culex quinquefasciatus.
Polimorfisme gen C957T merupakan synonymous mutation yang terletak pada pasang basa ke-957 gen DRD2. Terdapat perbedaan konformasi antara mRNA 957T dengan mRNA 957C, yaitu mRNA 957T kurang stabil dan lebih rentan terhadap degradasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menunjukkan gambaran dosis terapi aripiprazole pasien skizofrenia dengan polimorfisme gen DRD2 pada titik rs6277 (C957T). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional. Analisis data dengan menggunakan analisis univariat untuk mengidentifikasi responden berupa usia, jenis kelamin, polimorfisme gen DRD2, dan dosis terapi aripiprazole. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan data kuesioner untuk mendapatkan data karakteristik responden serta pengambilan sampel darah untuk mendapat data polimorfismen gen DRD2. Responden penelitian ini terdapat 60 orang responden yang memenuhi kriteria. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki karakteristik usia 21-39 tahun (65,0%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (71,7%), dosis terapi aripiprazole 10 mg (60,0%), dan alel C (65,0 %) pada polimorfisme gen DRD2 pada titik rs6277 (C957T). Aripiprazole diduga menyebabkan multiplisitas fungsional pada reseptor dopamin D2 jalur pascasinaps, dimana pengikatan preferensial untuk konformasi berbeda dari reseptor D2, untuk mengaktifkan jalur transduksi diferensial sesuai dengan subtipe neuron dimana mereka diekspresikan. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan maka perlu dilakukan studi lebih lanjut untuk penentuan kadar konsentrasi aripiprazole di dalam darah pasien skizofrenia dan dengan mempertimbangkan lama terapi dengan evaluasi lebih lama
Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) prevalence is high worldwide. School-aged children are at risk of infection due to poor self-hygiene and contaminated soil and water. Anemia is caused by infection in children, and it affects cognitive development, physical development, and school performance. To ascertain the relationship and distribution of STH and anemia in elementary school students, as the cross-sectional objectives. Students from SDN 96 and 97 Palembang participated in the study. Using stratified random sampling, 84 students from grades 4, 5, and 6 were chosen at random. Anemia is diagnosed through a test using the Quick Check hemoglobin method. They discovered that 40.5 percent of students had intestinal worms, 15.5 percent were anemic, and 11.8 percent were both anemic and worm-infected. A p-value of 0.438 was obtained from the chi-square bivariate analysis. There is no link between STH and anemia.
Pendidikan kedokteran mempunyai peran yang sangat strategis dalam mencetak tenaga dokter berkualitas. Dokter yang berkualitas akan memberikan pelayanan kesehatan yang berkualitas pada masyarakat, dan tentunya dokter tersebut merupakan hasil didikan dari lembaga pendidikan kedokteran yang berkualitas pula. Salah satu bentuk penilaian untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap pembelajaran pada mahasiswa yang diterapkan di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang (FK UM Palembang) yaitu dengan evaluasi formatif dan sumatif berupa ujian tulis dalam bentuk Multiple Choice Question (MCQ). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan nilai ujian MCQ tengah blok dengan nilai ujian MCQ akhir blok I – XIII pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang angkatan 2014. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik deskriptif dengan pendekatan retrospektif menggunakan data sekunder berupa nilai ujian MCQ tengah blok dan nilai ujian MCQ akhir blok I – XIII. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara nilai ujian MCQ tengah blok dengan nilai ujian MCQ akhir blok (p = 0,001) dan menunjukkan adanya hubungan korelasi (r = 0,428) berpola positif yang artinya semakin besar nilai ujian MCQ tengah blok, maka semakin besar pula nilai ujian MCQ akhir blok.
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