AIM The aim of this study was to identify and examine the psychometric properties of muscle tone assessments for children aged 0 to 12 years.METHOD Four electronic databases were searched to identify studies that included assessments of resting and/or active muscle tone. Methodological quality and overall psychometric evidence of studies were rated using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments checklist.
The aim of this review was to identify instrumented devices that quantify skeletal muscle mechanical properties and to evaluate their potential clinical utility and clinimetric evidence with respect to children. Four databases were searched to identify articles reporting original clinimetric data for devices measuring muscle stiffness or elastic modulus, along a muscle's main fibre direction. Clinimetric evidence was rated using the Consensus-Based Standard for the Selection of Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) checklist. Sixty-five articles provided clinimetric data for two devices meeting our criteria: the Aixplorer and the Acuson. Both are shear wave elastography devices that determine the shear modulus of muscle tissue. The Aixplorer had strong construct validity and reliability, and the Acuson, moderate construct validity and reliability. Both devices have sound clinical utility with non-invasive application at various joint positions and data acquisition in real time, minimizing fatigue. Further research is warranted to evaluate utility for children with specific disorders of abnormal muscle structure or function.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of balance training
using a reaching task between a sitting position and a standing position in the elderly.
[Subjects and Methods] The study included 30 elderly women from D city. The subjects were
divided into the following two groups, according to the training position: the sitting
group (n = 15) and standing group (n = 15). Both groups performed training for 20 min,
thrice a week for 8 weeks. The short form of the berg balance scale (SFBBS), timed 10-m
walk test (10MWT), timed up & go test (TUG), and falls efficacy scale (FES) were used
before and after training. [Results] SFBBS, 10MWT, and TUG values were significantly
different between before and after training in both groups. However, FES values were
significantly different in only the standing group. [Conclusion] Balance training in a
standing position is helpful for improving activities that mainly use the lower
extremities, such as gait, and training in a sitting position is somewhat helpful for
improving balance ability. In addition, balance training in both positions can help
overcome the fear of falling.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to identify the imbalance of muscle recruitment
in cervical flexor muscles during the craniocervical flexion test by using ultrasonography
and to propose the optimal level of pressure in clinical craniocervical flexion exercise
for people with neck pain. [Subjects and Methods] A total of 18 students (9 males and 9
females) with neck pain at D University in Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea, participated in
this study. The change in muscle thickness in superficial and deep cervical flexor muscles
during the craniocervical flexion test was measured using ultrasonography. The ratio of
muscle thickness changes between superficial and deep muscles during the test were
obtained to interpret the imbalance of muscle recruitment in cervical flexor muscles.
[Results] The muscle thickness ratio of the sternocleidomastoid muscle/deep cervical
flexor muscles according to the incremental pressure showed significant differences
between 22 mmHg and 24 mmHg, between 24 mmHg and 28 mmHg, between 24 mmHg and 30 mmHg, and
between 26 mmHg and 28 mmHg. [Conclusion] Ultrasonography can be applied for examination
of cervical flexor muscles in clinical environment, and practical suggestion for
intervention exercise of craniocervical flexors can be expected on the pressure level
between 24 mmHg and 26 mmHg enabling the smallest activation of the sternocleidomastoid
muscle.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.