Supplementing preterm babies with 1000 IU of vitamin D3 daily decreases the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency at term CGA. Excess levels of vitamin D may occur at this dose in some babies.

Isolated pulmonary involvement in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) is rare in childhood. The authors report a 6-y- old boy presenting with recurrent pneumothorax, whose CT thorax showed diffuse pulmonary cystic lucencies bilaterally. Biopsy of the lesions confirmed pulmonary LCH with Cd1a and S 100 positivity.

The prevalence of VDI was not high at birth; however, a large proportion of preterm babies were vitamin D insufficient at 6 weeks despite being supplemented with vitamin D 400 IU/day. The recommended vitamin D supplementation of 400 IU appears to be inadequate to prevent VDI, and hence randomized controlled trials looking at higher doses of vitamin D supplementation are needed.

Fetal neck masses are rare, and present a challenge antenatally, during delivery and in making a diagnosis. In this report, we detail the presentation of a neonate with a neck mass diagnosed in the third trimester. The baby was delivered by ex utero intrapartum therapy (EXIT). Investigations sent included an MRI with limited CT cuts, and a biopsy, which lead to the diagnosis of a malignant rhabdoid tumour. This is rare and the overall survival is low.

Evans syndrome is a rare and chronic autoimmune disease seen in both paediatric and adult age groups. We present a case of severe thrombocytopenia in a neonate born to a mother with Evans syndrome who showed no response to intravenous immunoglobulin therapy initially and improved after treatment with methylprednisolone.