At Keihin No. 1 Blast Furnace, waste plastics recycling system was installed in Oct. 1996. Before the installation of that system, the behavior of waste plastics injected into the blast furnace has been studied with the raceway hot model and the commercial blast furnace so as to investigate the possibility of effective waste plastics utilization in the blast furnace. From the observation of plastics particle injected into the raceway of blast furnace, it was estimated that combustibility of coarse plastics was much different from that of pulverized coal. The combustion point of coarse plastics located to deep domain in raceway compared with that of pulverized coal. Although C 1 -C 4 hydrocarbons due to the decomposition of plastics was detected in in-furnace, the decomposition products of plastics in the blast furnace top gas and dust were the same as that of pulverized coal injection. The preparation method of plastics had an influence on the combustion and gasification behavior in the raceway. The coarse plastics gave high combustion and gasification efficiency compared with fine plastics and pulverized coal, and CO 2 gasification rate of unburnt char derived from waste plastics was much higher than that of pulverized coal. Thus, it was concluded that coarse waste plastics could be effectively utilized as a reducing agent in the blast furnace. On the basis of above results, the waste plastics recycling system was designed.
Various additives to Ni–Fe systems are studied as cermet cathodes for CO2 electrolysis (973–1173 K) using a La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3 (LSGM) electrolyte, which is one of the most promising oxide‐ion conductors for intermediate‐temperature solid‐oxide electrolysis cells in terms of ionic‐transport number and conductivity. It is found that Ni–Fe–La0.6Sr0.4Fe0.8Mn0.2O3 (Ni–Fe–LSFM) exhibits a remarkable performance with a current density of 2.32 A cm−2 at 1.6 V and 1073 K. The cathodic overpotential is significantly decreased by mixing the LSFM powder with Ni–Fe, which is related to the increase in the number of reaction sites for CO2 reduction. For Ni–Fe–LSFM, much smaller particles (<200 nm) are sustained under CO2 electrolysis conditions at high temperatures than for Ni–Fe. X‐ray diffraction analysis suggests that the main phases of Ni–Fe–LSFM are Ni and LaFeO3; thus, the oxide phase of LaFeO3 is also maintained during CO2 electrolysis. Analysis of the gaseous products indicates that only CO is formed, and the rate of CO formation agrees well with that of a four‐electron reduction process, suggesting that the reduction of CO2 to CO proceeds selectively. It is also confirmed that almost no coke is deposited on the Ni–Fe–LSFM cathode after CO2 electrolysis.
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