If public spaces in the urban environment are seen as extensions of one’s home, then what role do tall buildings play in this setting? In terms of space, they can have various roles. They are visible from afar and often act as landmarks, but at the same time they give one a possibility to see the urban whole in its entirety, from above. One of most iconic images of modern urban planning and modern urban space – Le Corbusier’s plan for Paris – is shown from such a vantage point, depicting an urban area dotted with individual buildings set within a continuous spatial field. This modern space has often been described as open and homogeneous. The simplified general interpretation has further been complemented by the concept of heterogeneous space, paving the way for a more diverse spatial theory. Heterogeneous space has brought much needed complexity to interpretations of architectural space. Modernist space is revisited in this article, explored through two particular cases. In addition to Le Corbusier, the study includes the work of another architect and urban planner of the early 20th century, Eliel Saarinen. The role of tall buildings in the designs and writings of the two architects is compared, with a specific focus on the spatial implications of these buildings in the cityscape. The comparison illustrates the fact that modern architects were not unanimous in their visions of urban space, although they shared the knowledge of a contemporary spatial theory.
Confronting the unfamiliar is a common theme in the fantasy fiction genre. British author Adrian Tchaikovsky underlines this theme in his ten-book series Shadows of the Apt (2008–2014) with a dichotomy of apt–inapt. This is enhanced by the insect-derived traits of the characters, which are reflected in the cities of this imagined fantasy world. Various urban architectures provide backgrounds for the protagonists as they face a foreign reality. The reader interpretation presented here focuses on the urban spaces and the architecture. The reading is structured by a division into strategies and tactics, as defined by Michel de Certeau. This provides a basis for understanding the interaction between the spaces and the spatial practices of the protagonists, as they move about in unfamiliar surroundings, confronting otherness. The architectural reading of the story opens the scalar structure used by the author and underlines the importance of the collective in the individual growth stories.
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