A two-component design strategy developed by us and other research groups, where a second component is used to control the triplet excited state properties of the luminescent component (the first component), has been shown to allow a flexible choice of building blocks to prepare high-performance afterglow materials with intriguing properties. Here, we report the realization of intense organic afterglow and diverse functions by extending this two-component strategy to dopant-matrix systems, which feature small k F , small k P , and very small k nr + k q . With coronene molecules and deuterated coronene being fixed as luminescent dopants, variation of organic matrices reveals that either small-molecule organic matrices or polymeric matrices can be used to accommodate coronene molecules and largely reduce k nr + k q values, leading to the emergence of very bright organic afterglow at ambient conditions. The obtained coronene-matrix materials have been found to be readily processed into desired shapes, large-area thin films, and aqueous afterglow dispersions by melt casting and other techniques, function as efficient afterglow donors for the fabrication of red afterglow materials, and exhibit promising time-gated bioimaging functionality to avoid interference from strong fluorescence backgrounds.
Difluoroboron β-diketonate (BF 2 bdk) compounds represent an important class of luminescent materials, whereas their synthesis requires multiple steps, which restrict their application in diverse fields. Here we report a cascade reaction to prepare BF 2 bdk from aromatic ketones, carboxylic acids, trifluoroacetic anhydride and boron trifluoride diethyl etherate. The cascade reaction is very simple and straightforward to produce BF 2 bdk with desired functional groups in reasonable isolation yields. Further, when some specific BF 2 bdk compounds are used as luminescent dopants, organic room-temperature phosphorescence with lifetimes > 1.0 s and intense afterglow under ambient conditions can be achieved with the assistance by suitable organic matrices. The dopant-matrix materials exhibit excellent processability into desired patterns and large-area panels, and function as efficient donors of excited state energy transfer for the fabrication of red afterglow materials. The materials can be processed into aqueous afterglow dispersion that displays unique property of escaping the interference from strong fluorescence background.
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