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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to adopt the recipient’s perspective to explore multi-level antecedents’ effects on knowledge transfer using social capital and social network theories. Design/methodology/approach – Social network and general attribute survey responses from 331 employees were analyzed through hierarchical linear modeling to verify the study’s multi-level research model and hypotheses. Findings – A recipient’s trust in colleagues positively influences knowledge transfer and company tenure has a negative impact. At a dyadic level, the perceived expertise of a source, in addition to strength of ties, exerts a positive effect on knowledge transfer. Additionally, a recipient’s network centrality moderates the effects of dyadic relationships on knowledge transfer. Research limitations/implications – This study deepened the current understanding of the role of social capital in knowledge transfer from a recipient’s perspective. Three dimensions of a recipient’s social capital respectively showed significant, but different types of influence on knowledge transfer. Interaction effects between individual and dyadic level antecedents should be considered as well. Practical implications – Both a strong tie at a dyadic level and a diverse network at an individual level should be nurtured to facilitate knowledge transfer. In addition, bi-directional knowledge transfer between seasoned employees and new employees should be promoted. Originality/value – Most studies have focused on motivating a knowledge source, assuming that a recipient is always ready to adopt a source’s knowledge. To reduce this bias, the current study examined social capital’s role in knowledge transfer from a recipient’s perspective.

Maltogenic amylase and alpha-glucanotransferase (alpha-GTase) were employed in an effort to develop an efficient process for the production of isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs). Bacillus stearothermophilus maltogenic amylase (BSMA) and alpha-GTase from Thermotoga maritima were overexpressed in Escherichia coli using overexpression vectors. An IMO mixture containing 58% of various IMOs was produced from liquefied corn syrup by the hydrolyzing and transglycosylation activities of BSMA alone. When BSMA and alpha-GTase were reacted simultaneously, the IMO content increased to 68% and contained relatively larger IMOs compared with the products obtained by the reaction without alpha-GTase. Time course analysis of the IMO production suggested that BSMA hydrolyzed maltopentaose and maltohexaose most favorably into maltose and maltotriose and transferred the resulting molecules simultaneously to acceptor molecules to form IMOs. alpha-GTase transferred donor sugar molecules to the hydrolysis products such as maltose and maltotriose to form maltopentaose, which was then rehydrolyzed by BSMA as a favorable substrate.