What is already known about this topic? The psychological impact of the large-scale infection of the population resulting from the end of lockdown measures in China during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is unknown. What is added by this report? Among all participants, 55.7% had depression symptoms, with a significant difference between the infected and non-infected groups, and 30.1% had anxiety. Those who were young, unvaccinated, had lower incomes, and experienced chronic diseases were more likely to experience negative emotions. What are the implications for public health practice? Government officials should take into account the effect of policies on public sentiment during similar public health events and implement tailored community interventions to address any negative sentiment.

BackgroundThe prevalence of cigarette smoking in China is high and the utilization of smoking cessation clinics is very low. Multicomponent smoking cessation interventions involving community and hospital collaboration have the potential to increase the smoking cessation rate. However, the cost-effectiveness of this intervention model is unknown.MethodsWe conducted a smoking cessation intervention trial in 19 community health service centers in Beijing, China. A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed from a societal perspective to compare three strategies of smoking cessation: no intervention (NI), pharmacological intervention (PI), and comprehensive intervention (CI) (PI plus online health promotion). A Markov model, with a time horizon of 20 years, was used to simulate the natural progression of estimated 10,000 male smokers. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to obtain data on costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) by using the five-level EuroQol-5-dimension (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was performed to explore parameters of uncertainty in the model.ResultsA total of 680 participants were included in this study, including 283 in the PI group and 397 in the CI group. After 6 months of follow-up, the smoking cessation rate reached 30.0% in the CI group and 21.2% in the PI group. Using the Markov model, compared with the NI group, the intervention strategies of the PI group and the CI group were found to be cost-effective, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $535.62/QALY and $366.19/QALY, respectively. The probabilistic sensitivity analysis indicated that the CI strategy was always the most cost-effective intervention.ConclusionCI for smoking cessation, based in hospital and community in China, is more cost-effective than PI alone. Therefore, this smoking cessation model should be considered to be implemented in healthcare settings.

Objective To study the effect of social support on quit smoking, to provide theoretical reference and suggestions for the construction of social support for tobacco control. Methods Based on the design idea of case-control study, adult smokers who participated in the community smoking cessation intervention project in Beijing were selected as the study objects, and they were divided into successful quit smoking group and unsuccessful quit smoking group. The status of the public tobacco control policy, community tobacco exposure, and the environment of household tobacco control were compared between groups, and a structural equation modeling was established for ConfirmatoryFactorAnalysis. Results Our descriptive results showed that there were statistical differences in quit smoking results among smokers with different household tobacco control regulations, workplace tobacco control regulations and the number of smokers in the family, meanwhile there were differences in the 6-month smoking reduction with different levels of tobacco harm knowledge promotion and the interval between smoking behaviors at home. And the multivariate analysis indicated that household tobacco control regulations (OR = 1.302, 95%CI: 1.003 ~ 1.690), workplace tobacco control regulations (OR = 1.273, 95%CI: 1.052 ~ 1.540), the interval between smoking behaviors at home (OR = 1.145, 95%CI: 1.019 ~ 1.287) have statistical association with quit smoking. while the results of structural equation modeling found that public tobacco control policy (β = 0.388, P = 0.026) and the environment of household tobacco control (β = 0.368, P = 0.022) had statistical influence on quit smoking. Conclusion Public tobacco control policies and the environment of household tobacco control have substantial impact on the quit smoking. Specifically, household tobacco control regulations, workplace tobacco control regulations, tobacco harm knowledge publicity and the interval between smoking behaviors at home have a positive impact on the quit smoking effect of smokers, and the number of smokers in the family has a negative impact on the quit smoking.

Background Following external situation reports, individuals perceive risks, experience different emotional reactions, and further change their behaviors. Therefor people's psychological state will also be affected by the change after the adjustment of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control policy, and it remains unknown what kind of coping behaviors will be produced due to emotional reactions. This study focuses on assessing the prevalence of negative emotions in the Chinese population after policy adjustments and explores how negative emotions affect people's coping behaviors.Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted during 21–28 December 2022, included sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19 infection and irrational purchase behavior, psychological assessment, and opinion polling. Depression and anxiety status are assessed by PHQ-9 and GAD-7, Coping behavior is defined as " medical behavior and irrational consumption behavior after the adjustment of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control policy in China". The relationship between anxiety, depression and coping behavior was analyzed by Pearson χ2 test, Fisher's exact test and logistic regression.Results A total of 3995 participants who reported infection with COVID-19 were included in this study, of which 2363 (59.1%) and 1194 (29.9%) had symptoms of depression and anxiety, respectively. According to the results of the Pearson χ2 test, there was a significant difference in clinical treatment (such as self- medication, seeking professional treatment, using online services of medical institutions) and irrational purchase behavior (such as large-scale purchases of medicines, masks) between different level of depression and anxiety. Logistic regression results show that depression was a risk factor for self- medication (OR = 1.254, 95%CI: 1.124 ~ 1.399), seeking professional treatment (OR = 1.215, 95%CI: 1.017 ~ 1.451), using online services of medical institutions (OR = 1.320, 95%CI: 1.159 ~ 1.503), large-scale purchases of medicines (OR = 1.154, 95%CI: 1.083 ~ 1.230) and masks (OR = 1.096, 95%CI: 1.005 ~ 1.196). Anxiety was a risk factor for seeking professional treatment(OR = 1.285, 95%CI: 1.009 ~ 1.636) and large-scale purchases of masks (OR = 1.168, 95%CI: 1.028 ~ 1.327).Conclusion Affected by depression, COVID-19 patients are more likely to have medical behaviors such as self- medication, seeking professional treatment, and using online services of medical institutions, which may also trigger their storage behaviors of medicines and masks; on the other hand, anxiety will trigger the coping behavior of patients to seek professional treatment and store masks in large quantities. Attention should be paid to expand mental health screening and guidance in community health institutions, and to carry out COVID-19 health education for depressed or anxious people, in order to reduce adverse drug reactions, avoid panic seeking professional treatment and irrational purchase behavior, and protect the mental health of the public.Trial registration: This study has been approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Capital Medical University (2023SY086), and informed consent was obtained from the study subjects before the investigation.