Introduction recently, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) established a new operational definition and cut-off points for sarcopenia. The aim of this study was, therefore, to compare the prevalence of sarcopenia and its associations with different health outcomes using the old (EWGSOP1) and new (EWGSOP2) definitions of sarcopenia in the UK Biobank cohort. Methods sarcopenia was defined as low grip strength plus low muscle mass. Using both EWGSOP cut-off points, we created specific sarcopenia variables. Prevalence of sarcopenia derived using both EWGSOP definitions was calculated and compared as well as prospective health outcomes including all-cause mortality as well as incidence and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD), respiratory disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Results the prevalence of sarcopenia based on the EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 classifications were 8.14 and 0.36%, respectively. Sarcopenia defined by EWGSOP1 was associated with a higher risk of respiratory disease and COPD as well as mortality from all-cause, CVD and respiratory diseases. However, only respiratory incidence remained associated with sarcopenia when EWGSOP2 was used (HR: 1.32 [95% CI: 1.05–1.66]). Moreover, although individuals classified as sarcopenic using both classifications had the highest risk of all-cause mortality and respiratory disease, those with sarcopenia based on EWGSOP1 only experienced a more extensive range of poorer health outcomes. Conclusion in comparison with EWGSOP1, the new classification (EWGSOP2) produced a lower estimate of sarcopenia prevalence and fewer associations with adverse health outcomes. Although these associations were higher, many become non-significant.
Introduction-The critical sociodemographic, lifestyle and diseases factors influencing sarcopenia, defined by the current European Working Group on Sarcopenia 2 (EWGSOP2) classification and cutoff points, have not yet been fully elucidated. This study aimed, therefore, to determine sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle and health-related factors associated with sarcopenia using the new EWGSOP2 definition. Study design-396,283 participants (52.8% women, age 38-73 years) were included in this crosssectional study. The potential factors associated with sarcopenia were allocated to four categories: sociodemographic (sex, age, education, income and professional qualification), anthropometric (nutritional status, abdominal obesity, body fat and birth weight), lifestyle (physical activity, smoking, sleeping and sitting time, TV viewing, alcohol, and dietary intakes) and health status (self-reported prevalent diseases). P-values were corrected for multiple testing using the Bonferroni method. Results-Age, women, lower education, higher deprivation, underweight, lower birth weight, and chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, chronic bronchitis and osteoporosis were associated with a higher likelihood of sarcopenia. Conversely, overweight, obese, as well as a self-reported higher intake of energy, protein, vitamins (B12 and B9) and minerals (potassium, calcium and magnesium) were associated with lower odds of sarcopenia. Conclusion-Women, adults older than 65 years, underweight people and those with rheumatoid arthritis were most likely to have sarcopenia. Considering the increase in the ageing population, sarcopenia is likely to become more prevalent. Identifying factors associated with sarcopenia could inform future strategies for early identification of individuals at high risk of sarcopenia and therefore, the implementation of preventive strategies against the disease.
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