To reduce the cost of fuel and heat loss from pipe surfaces, insulation needs to cover pipes when high temperature fluids are transported through them. Mineral wool has not only low heat conductivity but also good thermal and flame resistant properties. It can be used in a wide range of applications. To improve the performance of thermal insulation, it can be used in a composite material in combination with other insulating materials. Aerogel is regarded as one of the most promising high performance thermal insulation materials today, but only limited commercial products are available thus far due to cost and reliability factors. In this study, aerogel is produced in mineral wool using an ambient pressure drying process. The purpose of this study is to investigate the thermal performance of mineral wool-aerogel composite to meet the requirements for industrial applications. The experimental results indicated that silica aerogel can be successfully produced in mineral wool using an ambient pressure drying process. The cost and production time of this proposed process can be significantly decreased. As aerogel is mixed with mineral wool, the measured thermal conductivity of mineral wool-aerogel composite can be reduced from 0.071 to 0.055 W/m·K.
Traffic flow in cities is increasing rapidly as cities modernize. The problem of parking is getting worse and worse due to insufficient parking lots in large cities, and people are paying more attention to safety issues in buildings due to the development of underground parking floors. There are new problems for fire safety because a building's functions and materials, structural type, size, and supporting facilities are very different between the traditional buildings and buildings with underground parking floors. When a fire occurs in an enclosed underground parking floor, it is hard for people to evacuate due to incomplete combustion producing heavy smoke. In this work, we use the Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS) to study the effect of a mechanical smoke ventilation system to retard the development of a smoke layer. The simulated results indicate that, although the installation of a mechanical smoke ventilation system would retard the deposition of a smoke layer, fresh air also drawn in increases the heat release rate of a car fire. Most importantly, a mechanical smoke ventilation system can extend the escape time for people during the initial stages of a fire.
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