2D anisotropic transport of photons/electrons is crucial for constructing ultracompact on‐chip circuits. To date, the photons in organic 2D crystals usually exhibit the isotropic propagation, and the anisotropic behaviors have not yet been fully demonstrated. Now, an orientation‐controlled photon–dipole interaction strategy was proposed to rationally realize the anisotropic and isotropic 2D photon transport in two co‐crystal polymorph microplates. The monoclinic microplate adopts a nearly horizontal transition dipole moment (TDM) orientation in 2D plane, exhibiting anisotropic photon–dipole interactions and thus distinct re‐absorption waveguide losses for different 2D directions. By contrast, the triclinic plate with a vertical TDM orientation, shows 2D isotropic photon–dipole interactions and thus the same re‐absorption losses along different directions. Based on this anisotropy, a directional signal outcoupler was designed for the directional transmission of the real signals.

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Infectious diseases are considered as a pressing challenge to global public health. Accurate and rapid diagnostics tools for early recognition of the pathogen, as well as individualized precision therapy are essential for controlling the spread of infectious diseases. Aptamers, which were screened by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), can bind to targets with high affinity and specificity so that have exciting potential in both diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the latest development of SELEX technology and focus on the applications of aptamer-based technologies in infectious diseases, such as targeted drug-delivery, treatments and biosensors for diagnosing. The challenges and the future development in this field of clinical application will also be discussed.

Amniotic fluid (AF) may induce disseminated intravascular coagulation when it enters maternal circulation by breaching the placental-maternal circulation barrier. The precise mechanism of the procoagulant activity of AF is unclear, we speculate that AF cells have procoagulant activity due to the externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS). The present study aims to demonstrate that, in addition to tissue factor (TF), the PS that is externalized on AF cells is important for the procoagulant activity of AF. Ten AF samples from parturient women were analyzed and normal platelets, neutrophils, and lymphocytes were harvested as controls. Lactadherin, a glycoprotein, binds to membranes containing PS, inhibits prothrombinase activity, factor Xase activity, and tissue factor-factor VIIa activity by blocking PS-containing membrane binding. Thus lactadherin was utilized as a PS probe for flow cytometry and confocal microscopy to enable comparison of PS distribution with TF and intrinsic factor Xase complex formation. Procoagulant activity of AF cells was first measured in plasma with AF cells serving as thromboplastin. Activity of AF cells supporting intrinsic and extrinsic factor Xase complexes was measured in purified systems. Lactadherin, as an agent to block exposed PS, inhibited 85% of intrinsic and extrinsic factor Xase activity. Competition binding studies indicated that lactadherin competed for 55% of factor VIII binding sites. However, binding of factor VIII was completely inhibited by PS-containing vesicles and by mAb that recognize the factor VIII C2 domain indicating that all fVIII binding was mediated by the membrane-binding motif or an overlapping epitope. Confocal microscopy identified patches and a rim-pattern indicating a diffuse PS exposure. Lactadherin binding sites and TF distributed to discreet, but overlapping regions of the cells. These results indicate that PS exposure parallels procoagulant activity on AF cells and is required for at least 85% of intrinsic and extrinsic factor Xase activities. However, the topographical pattern of PS exposure differs from the pattern of TF and the pattern of binding site distribution for intrinsic factor Xase complexes. Thus, the results imply that intrinsic factor Xase and extrinsic factor Xase activity are localized to small cell regions where PS exposure coincides with TF and intrinsic factor Xase binding sites, respectively.

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Zr-Ti binary alloys are prepared using a nonconsumable tungsten electrode under Ti-gettered inert atmosphere (argon). Microstructures are observed mainly as 𝛼 phase using x-ray diffraction. A tensile test is performed to investigate the tensile strength of a series of Zr-Ti binary alloys at room temperature. The findings indicate that increasing Ti concentration results in an initial increase (<50at% of Ti) and then a decrease in tensile strength. The Zr55Ti45 (at%) component exhibits the maximum tensile strength of 1216.68 MPa, which is much higher than that of pure Ti (increased by approximately 200%) or pure Zr (increased by approximately 100%). The potential mechanisms for the remarkable tensile strength are solid solution strengthening and grain refinement.

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