The proximate composition and functionality of Lentinus tigrinus were evaluated to establish and popularize this mushroom as functional food source. The evaluation of functionality focused on the antibacterial and hypoglycemic activities of the mushroom extracts. An acute single oral dose toxicity test in mice was used for its biosafety analysis. The pileus contained higher amounts of protein (25.9%), fat (2.1%), and ash (7.4%) and a higher energetic value (142.1 kcal/100 g) than the corresponding stipe, whereas the stipe contained higher amounts of total carbohydrates (67.7%), which consist of dietary fiber (63.0%) and reducing sugar (4.7%), than the pileus. Biosafety analysis confirmed that L. tigrinus is an edible mushroom species; it was found to be toxicologically safe in imprinting control region mice. The administration of lyophilized hot water extract of the fruiting body (both 100 and 250 mg/ kg doses) to diabetic mice significantly lowered the glucose level by 26.9% in the third week, which was significantly comparable to the results of the antidiabetic agent glibenclamide, which was used as a positive control. In vitro antibacterial assay showed that the ethanolic extract of the fruiting body and the immobilized secondary mycelia had high antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus but not on Escherichia coli. Combining its useful nutrients and significant biological properties, L. tigrinus can be considered a natural source of safe nutraceuticals.
Abstract. Berame JS, Elazegui EP, Arenas MC, Orozco JA. 2021. 2021. Microclimatic factors and soil characteristics of Arroceros Forest Park in the City of Manila, Philippines. Biodiversitas 22: 4956-4962. Microclimatic factors affect many ecosystem functions. However, the challenge of acquiring consistent data has impeded the quantitative assessment of the spatial heterogeneity of soil-climate in Arroceros Forest Park as an artificial urban forest park known as the last lung of the City of Manila. With this unassisted urban forest park, this study aims to determine the microclimatic factors such as light intensity, air temperature, air humidity, wind speed and direction, soil temperature, soil pH, percent organic matter, percent soil moisture and soil texture by using a sieve analysis and textural triangle method to know the status of the forest park. These procedures reveal the soil type available in the park to be clay and loam suitable for growing plants abundantly. Results showed that four microclimate factors viz. air temperature, air humidity, percent organic matter, and soil texture, were highly significant (p<0.000). Additionally, it further revealed that microclimatic factors such as light intensity, wind speed, and soil pH are essential in an ecosystem. It also found that soil size is a significant parameter for soil characterizations in this kind of study. Finally, the division of soil microsites into different positions based on prevailing light or shade conditions helped assess the significant variations of soil characteristics and conditions within the study area.
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