Kipp KR, Rezaei M, Lin L, Dewey EC, Weimbs T. A mild reduction of food intake slows disease progression in an orthologous mouse model of polycystic kidney disease.

Authorship note: JAT and MR are co-first authors and contributed equally to this work. Conflict of interest: JT and TW are listed inventors on a provisional patent application (62818538) by the University of California Santa Barbara (UCSB) related to discoveries reported in this paper. TW is an inventor on a patent application (15/326296) by UCSB. BC reports consulting fees from Otsuka Pharmaceuticals. MM reports grants and consulting fees from Otsuka Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi, and Chinook Therapeutics. BH is a consultant for Oxthera AB, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, and Allena Pharmaceuticals. RH is on the Advisory Board of Chinook Therapeutics and is an inventor on 2 pending patents (15/545818 and 62/849564) filed by Wake Forest University and UAB. VET reports grant funding from

Abstract-The enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2) is selectively expressed in aldosterone target tissues, conferring aldosterone selectivity for the mineralocorticoid receptor. A diminished activity causes salt-sensitive hypertension. The mechanism of the variable and distinct 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 gene (HSD11B2) expression in the cortical collecting duct is poorly understood. Here, we analyzed for the first time whether the 11β-HSD2 expression is modulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). In silico analysis revealed 53 and 27 miRNAs with potential binding sites on human or rat HSD11B2 3′-untranslated region. A reporter assay demonstrated 3′-untranslated region-dependent regulation of human and rodent HSD11B2. miRNAs were profiled from cortical collecting ducts and proximal convoluted tubules. Bioinformatic analyses showed a distinct clustering for cortical collecting ducts and proximal convoluted tubules with 53 of 375 miRNAs, where 13 were predicted to bind to the rat HSD11B2 3′-untranslated region. To gain insight into potentially relevant miRNAs in vivo, we investigated 2 models with differential 11β-HSD2 activity linked with saltsensitive hypertension.(1) Comparing Sprague-Dawley with low and Wistar rats with high 11β-HSD2 activity revealed rno-miR-20a-5p, rno-miR-19b-3p, and rno-miR-190a-5p to be differentially expressed. (2) Uninephrectomy lowered 11β-HSD2 activity in the residual kidney with differentially expressed rno-miR-19b-3p, rno-miR-29b-3p, and rnomiR-26-5p. In conclusion, miRNA-dependent mechanisms seem to modulate 11β-HSD2 dosage in health and disease The online-only Data Supplement is available with this article at http://hyper.ahajournals.org/lookup/suppl

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