Rationale:The perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is rare in young man and rarely occurs in the large intestine.Patient concerns:The clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and managements in a 28-year-old boy who presented with sudden onset of cramping and abdominal pain and intermittent melena with a blood pressure of 74/39 mm Hg was retrospectively reviewed. CT scan of the abdomen revealed a 8.9 × 7.2 cm mass in the pelvic floor.Diagnoses:Given the difficulty of obtaining a diagnostic specimen, surgical resection was performed. The pathology report of lower anterior resection was malignant PEComa of the rectum in 2006.Interventions:Treatment consisted of surgical resection only without additional adjuvant therapy. Over the next 49 months (until 2010) after surgery, abdominal CT showed a 0.6-cm hypodense mass over the liver with suspected liver metastasis. He refused any further evaluation and treatment. After 4 years (2014), abdominal CT showed that the original mass had increased from 0.6 to 1.5 cm and the number of tumors had increased from 1 to 3. In August 2014, he underwent a metastatic hepatectomy without additional chemotherapy or radiotherapy.Outcomes:We noted that the metastatic progression was slow in the 4 years after the first operation. At 28 months after metastatic hepatectomy, the patient was doing well. There was also no recurrence of the PEComa of the rectum at the 120-month follow-up in 2016.Lessons:To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a PEComa of the rectum with liver metastases treated with only surgical resection. At approximately 8.8 cm, this is the largest PEComa of the rectum reported in the recent literature.
BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has an increasing incidence and high mortality. Surgical operation is not a comprehensive strategy for liver cancer. Moreover, tolerating systemic chemotherapy is difficult for patients with HCC because hepatic function is often impaired due to underlying cirrhosis. Therefore, a comprehensive strategy for cancer treatment should be developed. DTL (Cdc10-dependent transcript 2) is a critical regulator of cell cycle progression and genomic stability. In our previous study, the upregulation of DTL expression in aggressive HCC correlated positively with tumor grade and poor patient survival. We hypothesize that targeting DTL may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for liver cancer. DTL small interference RNAs were used to knock down DTL protein expression.MethodsA clonogenic assay, immunostaining, double thymidine block, imaging flow cytometry analysis, and a tumor spheroid formation assay were used to analyze the role of DTL in tumor cell growth, cell cycle progression, micronucleation, ploidy, and tumorigenicity.ResultsOur results demonstrated that targeting DTL reduced cell cycle regulators and chromosome segregation genes, resulting in increased cell micronucleation. DTL depletion inhibited liver cancer cell growth, increased senescence, and reduced tumorigenesis. DTL depletion resulted in the disruption of the mitotic proteins cyclin B, CDK1, securin, seprase, Aurora A, and Aurora B as well as the upregulation of the cell cycle arrest gene p21. A rescue assay indicated that DTL should be targeted through TPX2 downregulation for cancer cell growth inhibition. Moreover, DTL silencing inhibited the growth of patient-derived primary cultured HCC cells.ConclusionOur study results indicate that DTL is a potential novel target gene for treating liver cancer through liver cancer cell senescence induction. Furthermore, our results provide insights into molecular mechanisms for targeting DTL in liver cancer cells. The results also indicate several other starting points for future preclinical and clinical studies on liver cancer treatment.
Glioblastoma is a primary malignant brain tumor with a poor prognosis. An effective treatment for glioblastoma is needed. Magnolol is a natural compound from Magnolia officinalis suggested to have antiproliferative activity. The aim of this research was to investigate the anticancer effects of magnolol in glioma, with an emphasis on migration and the underlying mechanism. Magnolol decreased the expression of focal adhesion-related proteins and inhibited LN229 and U87MG glioma cell migration. The levels of phosphorylated myosin light chain (p-MLC), phosphorylated myosin light chain kinase and myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 were reduced in response to magnolol treatment. In addition, immunostaining and membrane fractionation showed that the distribution of N-cadherin at the glioma cell membrane was decreased by magnolol. In an orthotropic xenograft animal model, magnolol treatment not only inhibited tumor progression but also reduced p-MLC and N-cadherin protein expression. In conclusion, magnolol reduces cell migration, potentially through regulating focal adhesions and N-cadherin in glioma cells. Magnolol is a potential candidate for glioma treatment.
BackgroundTo evaluate whether the location of moist desquamation matches high dose area for breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) after breast conservative surgery.MethodsOne hundred and nine breast cancer patients were enrolled to this study. Their highest skin dose area (the hot spot) was estimated from the treatment planning. We divided the irradiated field into breast; sternal/parasternal; axillary; and inframammary fold areas. The location for moist desquamation was recorded to see if it matches the hot spot. We also analyzed other possible risk factors which may be related to the moist desquamation.ResultsForty-eight patients with 65 locations developed moist desquamation during the RT course. Patients with larger breast sizes and easy to sweat are two independent risk factors for moist desquamation. The distribution of moist desquamation occurred most in the axillary area. All nine patients with the hot spots located at the axillary area developed moist desquamation at the axillary area, and six out of seven patients with the hot spots located at the inframammary fold developed moist desquamation there. The majority of patients with moist desquamation over the breast or sternal/parasternal areas had the hot spots located at these areas.ConclusionsFor a patient with moist desquamation, if a hot spot is located at the axillary or inframammary fold areas, it is very likely to have moist desquamation occur there. On the other hand, if moist desquamation occurs over the breast or sternal/parasternal areas, we can highly expect these two areas are also the hot spot locations.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.