Cross-linkable hole-transporting, host, and electron-transporting materials with a new cross-linking group, uracil, are designed and synthesized. These compounds exhibited good solubility in common organic solvents and excellent solvent resistance after cross-linking at a low temperature of 120 °C. The OLED was fabricated by all-solution processing using cross-linkable synthetic compounds, except for the electrodes. This device exhibited a current efficiency of 39.2 cd A and a power efficiency of 15.3 lm W .
Micro-sized bumps on a multi-layered build-up PCB were fabricated by pulse-reverse copper electroplating. The values of the current density and brightener content for the electroplating were optimized for suitable performance with maximum efficiency. The micro-bumps thus electroplated were characterized using a range of analytical tools that included an optical microscope, a scanning electron microscope, an atomic force microscope and a hydraulic bulge tester. The optical microscope and scanning electron microscope analyses results showed that the uniformity of the electroplating was viable in the current density range of 2-4 A/dm 2 ; however, the uniformity was slightly degraded as the current density increased. To study the effect of the brightener concentration, the concentration was varied from zero to 1.2 ml/L. The optimum concentration for micro-bump electroplating was found to be 0.6 ml/L based on an examination of the electroplating properties, including the roughness, yield strength and grain size.
In this paper, we report synthesis and characterization of alkylated fullerene derivatives for solution-processable organic thin film transistors and solar cells. Their physical, thermal, and semiconducting properties have been studied. Organic thin-film transistors fabricated from C60TH-Oc exhibit electron mobilities as high as 3.2 x 10(-2) cm2 V(-1) s(-1) with 32 V of a threshold voltage. The best power conversion efficiency (PCE) was observed in a layered structure P3HT:C60TH-Oc (PCE = 0.44%), which was a twice value of P3HT:C60TH-Dd (PCE = 0.23%).
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