BACKGROUND: Peripheral vascular disease remains a leading cause of vascular morbidity and mortality worldwide despite advances in medical and surgical therapy. Besides traditional approaches, which can only restore blood flow to native arteries, an alternative approach is to enhance the growth of new vessels, thereby facilitating the physiological response to ischemia. METHODS: The Actin CreER /R26 VT2/GK3 Rainbow reporter mouse was used for unbiased in vivo survey of injury-responsive vasculogenic clonal formation. Prospective isolation and transplantation were used to determine vessel-forming capacity of different populations. Single-cell RNA-sequencing was used to characterize distinct vessel-forming populations and their interactions. RESULTS: Two populations of distinct vascular stem/progenitor cells (VSPCs) were identified from adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells: VSPC1 is CD45-Ter119-Tie2+PDGFRa-CD31+CD105 high Sca1 low , which gives rise to stunted vessels (incomplete tubular structures) in a transplant setting, and VSPC2 which is CD45-Ter119-Tie2+PDGFRa+CD31-CD105 low Sca1 high and forms stunted vessels and fat. Interestingly, cotransplantation of VSPC1 and VSPC2 is required to form functional vessels that improve perfusion in the mouse hindlimb ischemia model. Similarly, VSPC1 and VSPC2 populations isolated from human adipose tissue could rescue the ischemic condition in mice. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that autologous cotransplantation of synergistic VSPCs from nonessential adipose tissue can promote neovascularization and represents a promising treatment for ischemic disease.
Surgery" provides a quarterly overview of articles from non-plastic surgery high-impact journals and Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery-Global Open. This month, we will review key articles of relevance to plastic surgeons from The Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine, Nature, Annals of Surgery, and JAMA Surgery, in addition to Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery-Global Open. Our goal is to enlighten Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery readers with clinical and basic science literature relevant to our specialty that they otherwise may not read. We continue to thank the Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery resident advisors and Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery advisory board members who volunteer to help us identify these articles and provide a brief synopsis of the articles. Should any other readers have specific suggestions of articles to review in recent issues of high-impact journals, please contact us by means of e-mail at PRS@ PlasticSurgery.org. We wish to remain responsive to the needs of our readers in keeping all of us up to date as to key developments relative to plastic surgery.
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