Background: Benign breast disorders can be defined as any non-malignant breast condition and encompasses a wide range of clinical and pathological disorders. BBD are very common and 1/3rd of women are suffering from this disorder in one time of their life. The aim of this study is to look at the patterns of benign breast diseases, the mode of presentation, management and to identify risk factors. Methods: This descriptive study was done in 168 patients presented to the surgery OPD department with benign breast disorders. All the patients with breast related disease were included in this study. Both male and female patients were included in this study. Patients with obvious or biopsy proven malignant diseases were excluded in this study. Results: The study comprised of 168 patients with BBD; the commonest being Fibroadenoma which formed 55.9% followed by fibroadenosis 20.8%. The other benign lesions observed were cystosarcoma phylloids, acute abscess, chronic abscess, tuberculous mastitis, antibioma, cysts, galactocele, gynaecomastia, traumatic fat necrosis, duct papilloma and mastalgia. Conclusions: Benign breast disease is a neglected entity despite the fact that it constitutes the majority of breast complaints. Benign breast disease can no longer be ignored. Much more work needs to be done to collect data about the incidence and prevalence of benign breast diseases. Breast self-examination and education to the females is required for early diagnosis and prompt treatment as majority of anxiety and worry of having breast cancer can be alleviated.
Background: Open appendisectomy (OA) had been the procedure of choice for acute appendisectomy for a century since Mc Burney introduced in 1884. Laprascopic appendisectomy (LA) didn’t gain popularity and many studies had been conducted to see the superiority of one over the other. Recent meta-analysis studies, found overall benefits in favour of LA. So, we have done comparative study with the aim to compare the benefits of LA over OA.Methods: Total of 90 appendisectomies was done, 45 each in OA and LA group and compared over a period of 1-year from October 2016 to October 2017 in Indira Gandhi Medical College and RI, Pondicherry. Outcome parameters were compared between the 2-groups in relation to operative time, analgesia used, length of post-operative hospital stay, return to work, resumption of a regular diet, post-operative scar and post-operative complications.Results: Mean age of LA was 35 years, OA was 30 years. Male preponderance observed in OA (67%), female in LA (60%). Post-operative short hospital stay was 3-days in LA, 5-days in OA. Early return to work was 9-days in LA, 15-days in OA. Operative time was significantly shorter in LA which was 30-minutes and 40-minutes in OA. In laprascopic group, no complications was observed, in open group we had two post-operative infections.Conclusions: LA is an effective and safe option and the procedure of choice for most patients regardless of age, sex and BMI, with a statistically significant finding in regards to operation time in LA compared to conventional OA group.
Background: A total of 52-patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus having Meggitt-Wagner Grade-I of foot ulcers of at least more than 4-weeks duration, less than 6×6 cm, with negative culture were studied. Diabetic foot ulcers are serious complications of diabetes mellitus and are known to be resistant to conventional treatment. It also causes a significant cause of morbidity, mortality and financial burden. If the ulcer is left untreated they can create a severe complications. This study was designed to examine the effect of infrared radiation on the healing of diabetic foot ulcer.Methods: This clinical trial was performed on 52 patients with diabetic foot ulcer Wagner Grade-I. Patients were classified into 26 control and 26 study group. Electromagnetic radiations in the form of photons are delivered to the ulcer site by infrared light to stimulate healing.Results: Male preponderance was found with ratio of 2:1. Mean age of the patients was 58.82 years in control group and 52.44 years in study group. The mean HbA1C levels in the control groups were 7 (range 6.2-8.3%) and 7.2 (range 7-8%) in the study group, suggesting no biochemical differences between two groups. Mean reduction in the ulcer area was 375.30 mm in the control group and 893.56 mm in the study group and this differences between the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.010).Conclusions: It is shown that using infrared plus routine dressing is more effective than merely routine dressing in diabetic foot ulcers and there was a significant difference in reduction of ulcer size in study group.
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