A coprological examination of 680 grazing sheep was performed in Eastern Serbia from March 2011 to November 2012 in order to determine the presence of gastrointestinal (GI) nematode parasites. Fecal samples were randomly collected and examined by using qualitative and quantitative coprological techniques. It was found that 74.56% sheep were infected. Samples that contained nematode eggs were processed for larval development and eleven nematode genera were identified: Haemonchus (46.91%), Ostertagia (25.88%), Marshallagia (21.91%), Cooperia (14.12%), Trichostrongylus (39.85%), Nematodirus (35.88%), Bunostomum (23.97%), Strongyloides (17.06%) Oesophagostomum (40.73%), Chabertia (32.79%) and Trichuris (10.88%). Higher prevalence of infection was observed in females (p<0.01), as well as in adults (p<0.001). Regarding the intensity of infection, in 40.63% sheep it was low, in 51.87% moderate and in 7.50% high. There was no difference in intensity of infection considering sex and age of animals. Moreover, simultaneous infection with different number of nematode genera was dependent on sheep’s age (p<0.001). These results suggest that GI nematodes are a conspicuous problem of grazing sheep in the study area. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III 046002
This study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in calves in western Serbia. Throughout 2011 faecal samples were collected from 600 calves aged up to 180 days, samples were examined with the flotation method and a modified McMaster technique. The parasitizing helminth species were identified and the level of infection compared between different age groups. As many as 64.17% animals were found to be infected. The following parasite species were diagnosed: Moniezia spp. (3.17%), Toxocara vitulorum (35.00%), Strongyloides papillosus (34.50%), gastrointestinal strongyles (4.50%) and Trichuris discolor (2.17%). The majority of calves were infected with two, fewer with three or one helminth species, and the smollest number of calves harboured four parasite species. The prevalence of established helminth infections varied depending on the calves' age
In order to investigate the effects of substitution of fish meal with fresh and dried housefly larvae (Musca domestica L) on productive performance and health status of broilers a study was conducted on a poultry farm in the vicinity of Belgrade. Two hundred Hybro-G broilers, of both sexes, originating from the same parent flock, of standardized body mass, were divided into four equal experimental groups. The experiment lasted 42 days. The control group (C) was fed standard diets. The broilers of the first and second experimental groups (O-I and O-II) were fed diets in which 50%, and 100%, fish meal had been substituted with housefly larvae meal (HLM). The third experimental group (O-III) was fed diets without fish meal, but supplemented with no fresh larvae in special feeders. The chemical analysis showed that dehydrated HLM contained 59.48% dry matter (DM) protein; whereas fresh larvae, prepared by a special technological method, contained 59.10% DM protein; whereas fish meal contained 67.39% DM protein. Viewed in total, the obtained productive results for the experimental groups (O-I, O-II, O-III) were approximately the same as those for the control group (C); whereas the results obtained per phase show statistically significant differences, due to the influence of the applied treatments (p<0.05; p<0.01). The fresh and dehydrated larvae, used as substitutes for fish meal, had a positive effect on productive performance and health status of broilers, which provides a good possibility for using them in diets intended for feeding broilers
The responsibility of all food business operators is the prevention ofconditions that can lead to the development and spread of foodborne diseases.Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points HACCP (Hazard Analysis CriticalControl Point) has been identified as the most effective standardized approach thatreduces the risks of foodborne diseases and is therefore accepted by FAO (Foodand Agriculture Organization) and WHO (World Health Organization). Disinfection,disinsection and deratization (DDD) is just one of the prerequisite programmes inthe application of the HACCP system in the food industry. By implementing thesemeasures, manufacturers are closer to their ultimate goal which is a safe productof high quality. Measures of disinfection, disinsection and deratization are carriedout continuously and involve complex, carefully planned and complete proceduresfor destruction of microorganisms, insects and rodents. These measures require acombination of preventive and curative measures and they must be implementedin order to achieve the expected effects. Companies that implement DDD measuresmust have trained staff who understand the principles of HACCP and know how toapply these measures in a way that will not pose a risk to the end consumer.
The overview of domestic and foreign investigations of the effects of various intensity of ant feeding technique in various categories of pheasants. With the aim to increase number of pheasants in our country and in the world, for decades pheasant chicks are produced in pheasant farms up to the age of 5-8 weeks, and body mass of 400-450 g, after which they are released into the hunting grounds. The capacity of pheasant farms in Serbia is about 900.500 hatched chicks, and in the past four decades several tens of millions of artificially reared pheasants were released. The quality of feeding the brood stock of pheasants, which produce eggs for hatching incubator has a direct influence on number, mass and fertility of eggs, and on the mass of newly hatched chicks. The feed conversion ratio in chicks depends on the first place on energy and protein level, and also on biological value of protein. In domestic investigations of pheasant chicks feeding with the concentrate mixture with higher protein value (30% to 28 days of age and 24% to 42 days of age) and with lower stocking density (450 individuals in the group), had significantly bigger Final body mass (457.07 g) and higher daily gain (4.22 g in the first 13:31 and g in the second period), and with better feed conversion ratio.
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