The efficiency of wastewater treatment is not only measured by the quality of treated wastewater, but also by the efficiency of treatment and permanent disposal of sludge that is separated. In addition to harmless, the sludge also contains hazardous substances that are released from wastewater during treatment. This work aims to obtain a neutral and harmless product by treating waste sludge with a stabilization and solidification process using modified MID-MIX technology. Physico-chemical analysis has shown that the obtained solidification or neutral, completely inert material, which has a use-value, can be safely disposed of in a sanitary landfill following EU (European Union) regulations. In terms of chemical composition, it is a mixture of crystal-bound organo-calcium, hydrophobic salts with a low moisture content of 5.8%. The results show that the method is the most environmentally friendly and most economical for the treatment of sludge, which can be applied to other types of waste with minor modifications.
As part of the paper, an abbreviated technical analysis of coal in the Kolubara basin for three coal-bearing fields: "Veliki Crljeni Field", "Field B and C", "Tamnava-Western Field" was examined. The results of the technical analysis regarding its possibilities to obtain products with the highest possible calorific value through preparation and processing indicated that this coal is characterized by a high content of ash and coke, and lower values of UCV (upper caloric value) and LCV (lower caloric value). In addition to the high percentage of moisture, a larger amount of inorganic substances is present in some samples. The content of macroelements, of heavy metals, and other microelements were examined by "Veliki Crljeni Field". The chemical composition is dominated by Al, Si, Ca and Fe, and S. are more significant. In terms of geochemical characteristics of coal and complete chemical composition, significant differences are represented, both in their distribution in the vertical profile of the main coal seam and laterally. The results show that the differences are particularly pronounced in the contents of some elements, e.g. chromium, manganese, vanadium, arsenic, etc. An analysis of the impact of coal mining on soil degradation and the environment is given.
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