Simulation programs are increasingly being used to solve material flow problems. These programs are primarily used for the simulation of production or transport processes. Testing of a new type of control in-process would mean stopping production and testing experiments with uncertain results. To avoid this lengthy and above all expensive way of any change, simulation programs have been used. Simulations of production processes in these programs enable better production planning and examination of bottlenecks in the production process by proposing changes, such as robots, conveyors, or also various logistics controls. The advantage is not only the fact that the production does not have to be interrupted, but also that it is possible to try many different experiments in a simulation process. The article is focused on the analysis of the production process in a selected production enterprise. After the analysis, the Tecnomatix Plant Simulation program was used for the creation of production process simulation. Results and improvements to the production process were proposed from the initial simulation with a focus on practical use.
Important parameters that describe successful sublevel stoping operation are optimal fragmentation and low damage of rock mass around stopes. In current state of operation fragmentation of blasted material is not optimal since high percentage of fragments are oversized which requires additional sizing. Also, excessive damage of surrounding rock mass is found. By proposing new blasting pattern with slightly increased amount of drilling, but with decreased hole diameter decrease of explosive usage is obtained for more than 100kg. Along with better charge distribution it is expected that rock mass damage is to be decreased as well.
Blasting is an integral part of excavation in the field "Progorelica". The quality of blasted material depends on proper selection of drilling and blasting operations, why the arrangement of boreholes and quantity of explosives need to be determined so that the effect of explosion is in the range r/W <0.75, i.e. without creating a large explosion funnel, but rather weakening it.
Discrete element modelling is common approach for analysis of dynamical processes that include granular materials. Method is commonly applied for the modeling of the gravity flow of the broken rock in caving operations. Herein, comparison of two different approaches in such modelling was presented. Two models, ring wide and symmetrically divided, were used for comparison. Ore dilution and recovery were monitored as main comparison parameters, but also the processing time of such models and spatial shape of extraction zones. Ring wide model show greater ore dilution and lower recovery, while half wide models show the opposite results. Cumulative dilution differs for 10%, while ore recoveries differ in approximately 15% for same extraction levels. Also, dilution entrance points are different, where ring wide model shows earlier dilution entrance at about 15% of extraction, while dilution enters at 25% in half wide models. Processing speed is increased in half wide model due to the reduction in number of elements, but overall processing time is nearly the same due to the frequent hang ups inside the half wide model. Shape and size of the extraction zones are very different. Half wide model shows much higher extraction zone in contrary with ring wide, while depth of extraction zone is greater in ring wide models which corresponds with higher and earlier entry of dilution.
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