Resumo Objetivos Avaliar a prevalência, o perfil e fatores associados à automedicação na população do Instituto Federal Minas Gerais/Ouro Preto, constituída principalmente por adolescentes. Método Trata-se de um estudo transversal, no qual foi aplicado um questionário aos alunos e servidores da Instituição abordando questões sobre nível socioeconômico, características gerais, condição de saúde autorreferida, medicamento utilizado nos últimos 15 dias, uso de medicamento com e sem receita médica e questões relativas à automedicação. A regressão de Poisson foi empregada para avaliar os fatores associados à automedicação. Resultados Foram entrevistadas 270 pessoas, sendo 231 alunos e 39 servidores. A prevalência de automedicação foi de 69,3% (IC95% 63,6-74,6), sendo os analgésicos a principal classe farmacológica utilizada. Os fatores associados à automedicação foram: utilizar medicamento influenciado por propaganda (RP=1,2 IC95%=1,1-1,4); a prática de indicar medicamento (RP=1,4 IC95%=1,1-1,6); estado de saúde autorreferido muito bom/bom (RP=0,8 IC95%=0,6-0,9) e ter realizado a última consulta médica há mais de um mês (RP=1,5 IC95%=1,1-2,1). Conclusão Estes fatores reforçam a importância do acesso a consultas médicas e de ações de conscientização sobre o uso racional de medicamentos.
Background: In pediatric patients, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been mostly associated with mild symptoms. However, as in adults, renal involvement has been reported in children and adolescents with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Objective: This review aimed to report data about renal involvement in pediatric COVID-9. The focuses were on the pathophysiology of acute kidney injury in Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally Associated (PIMS-TS) with SARS-CoV-2 and the possible impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection upon kidney function, as well as data concerning patients with previous kidney diseases, including Nephrotic Syndrome and Chronic Renal Disease. The implications for COVID-19 outcome in pediatric patients were also discussed. Methods: This integrative review searched for articles on renal involvement in pediatric COVID-19 patients. The databases evaluated were PubMed and Scopus. Results: The emergence of PIMS-TS with SARS-CoV-2 has shown that pediatric patients are at risk of severe COVID-19, with multi-organ involvement and dysfunction. In addition to intense inflammation, several systems are affected in this syndrome, collectively creating a combination of factors that results in acute kidney injury. Several studies have proposed that kidney cells, including the podocytes, might be at risk of direct infection by SARS-CoV-2, as high levels of ACE2, the virus receptor, are expressed on the membrane of such cells. Some cases of glomerular diseases triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection and relapses of previous renal diseases have been reported. Conclusion: Further studies are necessary to establish risk factors for renal involvement in pediatric COVID-19 and to predict disease outcome.
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