In a very dynamic social environment, which includes a whole range of political, economic, cultural, and social changes, one can notice that, "today", education is facing new requirements, which primarily result from the needs of the economy and production. The role of university is not only to create and transfer knowledge, but to integrate with the economy for future economic progress and social development. The subject of this paper is to analyze past and current cooperation between university and industry in the Republic of Serbia, based on official national and international statistics. Given that education in a society is assumption of dynamic economic and social development, the aim of this paper is to make a comprehensive analysis of the importance of cooperation between university and industry, and point to the need for continuous and institutionalized cooperation between university and industry, as a key factor for the future strategy of economic and social development of the Republic of Serbia.
Since the onset of the global financial crisis at the end of 2008 green projects are becoming increasingly important, and green economy is becoming more and more interesting as an area of research for numerous authors. In this regard, the paper will analyze green bonds that represent an integral part of green finances, i.e. a significant instrument of green economy and a useful mean in fighting climate changes. These securities mostly represent non-taxable financial instruments and have high credit rating, which is why they are very attractive to investors. Green bonds attract more and more attention in the largest world economies, i.e. in China and USA as the major emitters of greenhouse gases. However, they also have a notable role on the markets of some other countries, i.e. France, Germany, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, India, and South Africa. Green bonds can be of a great significance for the Republic of Serbia, as well. The Republic of Serbia has adopted, in the process of joining the European Union in early 2020, a Negotiating position for the Chapter 27, i.e. the chapter related to environment and climate changes.
Almost ten years have passed since the reform of higher education in the Republic of Serbia, conducted under the banner of the Bologna process. This paper gives a critical insight into some aspects of changes which resulted in the economization of higher education in the Republic of Serbia, such as the establishment of private universities, ranking and market competition among higher education institutions, the management of universities and faculties in accordance with managerial principles, the issue of the ways of promoting professors to higher positions and the like. The idea to write a paper providing a criticism of some aspects of the economization of higher education is not new. In the last couple of years, a great number of journals and books have been published in the country, the region and abroad, in which authors tried to provide a critical insight into the current state of education in the context of the changes of educational paradigms. The subject of this paper is the economization of higher education in the Republic of Serbia and the analysis of the consequences that occurred in this field due to the spreading of the principles of neoliberal ideology. The final part of the paper emphasizes the fact that university professors need to have a critical attitude towards what educational policy has to offer. Through their intellectual work, a resolute and critical constructive analysis of what an educational policy has to offer, they need to stand up for universities as the driving forces of the highest academic education.Keywords: education, higher education, university, economization of education JEL Classification: I20, I21, I23principle. We are rushing to "McUniversity" -"widely available and standardized service" .The impact of neoliberal ideology in the field of education is manifested through the economization of higher education institutions. In the Republic of Serbia, this process started with the introduction of tuition fees and the opening of the first private universities and faculties. The modern era is characterized by university and faculty rankings at the international and national levels, the strengthening of a competitive spirit among the faculties and academic staff, the establishment of universities and faculties functioning as enterprises due to the fact that they are run in accordance with managerial principles. It can be seen that higher education is now based on business logic. "The key novelty within this university concept lies in the tendency to treat universities as enterprises that produce knowledge and sell educational and academic services on the free market" (Lolić, 2006, 122). In the past, the ideal used to be reflected in the transfer and acquisition of knowledge and competences and in the strengthening of human potentials. Nowadays, when we talk about the ideals and goals of education, we often use economic terms or "market lexis": efficiency, mobility, productivity, competitiveness, market.The educational system is the key issue of the survival and efficient develop...
Generally accepted viewpoint is that for the realization of economic growth and decrease of poverty, among other things, the inclusion of individuals in the formal financial flows is necessary. The concept of financial inclusion, as the subject of paper research, is being considered at the example of the selected European countries out of which some have successfully finished transition process and have become the members of European Union (advanced countries in transition), while a number of them is on the road of European integrations (the countries of Western Balkans). In accordance with the subject, the objective of the paper is to carry out comparative analysis of the reached level of financial inclusion of individuals in advanced countries and the countries of Western Balkans. Paying respect to the complexity of the stated problem, the qualitative methodology is applied, based on the dominant application of the methods of analytical description and methods of comparative analysis. In the paper it is concluded that the average values of selected indicators of financial inclusion of the individuals in the case of Western Balkans countries are significantly lower in comparison to the advanced countries in transition. In the context of the measures of economic policy and the elements of development strategies it is necessary to provide the conditions for the increase of financial inclusion, primarily in the countries of Western Balkans. Regarding this, what is necessary, among other things, is financial education for the purpose of improvement of financial literacy of population, implementation of new technologies of mobile banking and electronic payment, designing of financial products that meet the needs of clients and provision of financial services at prices that individuals can afford.
Innovation is a complex phenomenon and it can be considered from various viewpoints according to affinities of the researcher and aims of observation. Since it is an essentially significant phenomenon, the abundance of literature related to the investigation of various dimensions of innovation is comprehensible. The complexity of this phenomenon often leads to basically different explications of innovation of enterprises and countries. This paper analyses innovation performance of Serbia and its position in relation to other countries of the world and Europe based on the data of The Global Innovation Index and European Innovation Scoreboard. The results of analysis of dynamics of innovation of Serbia according to the Global Innovation Index show its great innovation lagging behindEuropean countries. Regarding the achieved innovation performance the lagging of Serbia behind European countries is also great, according to the latest data of the European Innovation Scoreboard. ГЛОБАЛНА КОНКУРЕНТНОСТ СРБИЈЕ У ПОГЛЕДУ ИНОВАТИВНИХ ПЕРФОРМАНСИ Апстракт Иновативност је сложена појава и може се посматрати са различитих аспеката у складу са афинитетима истраживача и циљевима посматрања. Будући да је реч о есенцијално значајном феномену, разумљиво је постојање врло богате литературе у којој се истражују различите димензије иновативности. Сложеност појаве неретко доводи до суштински различитих објашњења иновативности предузећа и земаља. У овом раду се анализирају иновативне перформансе Републике Србије и њен положај у односу на друге земље света и Европе, на основу података Глобалног индекса иновативности (Тхе Глобал Инноватион Индеx) и Европске ©Друштво економиста "Економика" Ниш http://www.ekonomika.org.rs 26 ЕКОНОМИКА иновационе бодовне листе (Еуропеан Инноватион Сцоребоард). Резултати анализе кретања иновативности Србије, према Глобалном индексу иновативности показују њено велико иновативно застајање за европским земљама. Заостајање Србије у погледу достигнутих иновационих перформанси за европским земљама је врло велико и према најновијим подацима Европске иновационе бодовне листе. Кључне речи: Иновативност, Република Србија, Глобални индекс иновативности, Европска иновациона бодовна листа ЕКОНОМИКА ©Друштво економиста "Економика" Ниш
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