Background and Aims Different shoe weights affect the gait mechanics. Some dynamic changes or adjustments induced by anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction can be assessed through the analysis of the ground reaction forces (GRFs). This study aims to determine the effect of sports shoe weight on gait kinetics in athletes with ACL reconstruction. Methods Twenty healthy men and 20 athletes with ACL reconstruction volunteered to participate in this study. Each participant performed three walking trials with shoes having light (weight: 150±18 g), moderate (300±18 g), and heavy (450±18 g) weights in a randomized order. The GRFs were analyzed during shod walking. Results The GRF component at vertical direction during the heel contact phase changed significantly during the use of shoes with different weights (P=0.001). In addition, the GRF at vertical direction during the push-off phase and GRF at mediolateral direction during the push-off phase increased significantly (P=0.023 and 0.014, respectively). Conclusion The biomechanics of lower limbs and the GRFs are significantly different when using light and heavy shoes during the heal contact and push-off phases of walking.
Background and Aims People suffer from neck pain, headache, kyphosis and back pain while working with the computer for a long time, which seems to increase day by day with the advancement of technology. The present study aims to investigate the effect of two types of thoracolumbosacral braces (with and without sensors) on electromyography activity of selected muscles in people with thoracic kyphosis during typing. Methods In this quasi-experimental study, 15 males with thoracic kyphosis volunteered to participate in the study. Subjects performed typing task for one minute at three conditions (with no brace, with a simple brace, and with a brace having sensors). An 8-channel wireless electromyography system was used to record the activity of selected muscles in the upper limb and shoulder area. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the electrical activity of muscles between different conditions. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results The median frequency of trapezius muscle was significantly lower while using the brace with sensors compared to that without using brace (P=0.005). In median frequency of other muscles, no significant differences were observed among three conditions (P>0.05). Conclusion The use of thoracolumbosacral brace with sensors can reduce the median frequency of trapezius muscle in people with kyphosis. This reduction in median frequency may be related to the passive support of the brace. Reduction of electrical activity in trapezius muscle while using thoracolumbosacral brace can increase the time to reach fatigue.
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