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Producing advanced quantum states of light is a priority in quantum information technologies. In this context, experimental realizations of multipartite photon states would enable improved tests of the foundations of quantum mechanics as well as implementations of complex quantum optical networks and protocols. It is favourable to directly generate these states using solid state systems, for simpler handling and the promise of reversible transfer of quantum information between stationary and flying qubits. Here we use the ground states of two optically active coupled quantum dots to directly produce photon triplets. The formation of a triexciton in these ground states leads to a triple cascade recombination and sequential emission of three photons with strong correlations. We record 65.62 photon triplets per minute under continuous-wave pumping, surpassing rates of earlier reported sources. Our structure and data pave the way towards implementing multipartite photon entanglement and multi-qubit readout schemes in solid state devices.
We investigate the effect of Cooper pair injection in shifting biexciton energy level of low-symmetry (C 2v ) quantum dots (QDs) exhibiting nontrivial fine structure splitting. Coupling QDs to the superconducting coherent state forms extra fine structures by intermixing the ground and biexcitonic states where spectroscopic separation of neutral exciton and biexciton can be diminished, yielding a system to be utilized in time reordering scheme. The separability of exciton and biexciton energy levels is ascribed to the corresponding direct, exchange and correlation energies calculated here through configuration interaction method. We demonstrate the possibility of enhancing photon entanglement concurrence via providing an energy coincidence for biexciton-exciton ( → ) and exciton-ground ( → 0) emissions within the weak coupling regime.
Abstract-In this paper, we present an envelope function analysis technique for the design of the emission spectra of a white quantum-well light-emitting diode (QWLED). The nanometric heterostructure that we are dealing with is a multiple QW, consisting of periods of three single QWs with various well thicknesses. With the aid of 6 6 Luttinger Hamiltonian, we employ the combination of two methods, k p perturbation and the transfer matrix method, to acquire the electron and hole wave functions numerically. The envelope function approximation was considered to obtain these wave functions for a special basis set. While adjacent valence sub-bands have been determined approximately, the conduction bands are approximated as parabolic. The effect of Stokes shift has also been taken into account. The dipole moment matrix elements for interband atomic transitions are evaluated via the correlation between the electron and hole envelope functions, for both orthogonal polarizations, thus simplifying the calculation of the photoluminescence intensity. Spatial variations in the hole/electron wave functions have been examined with the introduction of piezoelectric and spontaneous polarization internal fields. We theoretically establish the possibility of a highly efficient InGaN red emitter, resulting in a uniform luminescence in red, green, and blue emissions from a white light emitting diode by adjusting the material composition, internal field, and well thickness.Index Terms-Envelope function analysis, GaN, k p method, optical intensity spectrum, white LED.
The electronic properties of single and few-particles in core-shell nanowire quantum dots (NWQD) are investigated. By performing configuration interaction (CI) calculations we particularly elucidate how elevated symmetry character (C 3v or D 2d ) exhibited by single particle orbitals enhances the phase coherence of exciton-photon wavefunction though suppressing spin flip processes. Detailed calculations presented here demonstrate how strain-induced potentials manipulate the symmetry characters, intrinsic oscillator strength and electron-hole dipole in NWQDs. An orbital-dependent kinetic energy is defined based on single particle dispersion and orbital spreadout in k-space. It is shown the exchange occurring between this kinetic energy and strain-induced potentials is responsible for orbital distortions, and thus the energy reordering of different direct and correlation terms. Various structures have been examined to elaborate on the influence of size and orientation together with axial and lateral symmetry of NWQDs. Our many-body calculations suggest that binding energies of s-shell few particle resonances 0 X ± and XX 0 are suppressed when axial and lateral localizations become comparable. Then exerting an external perturbation may renormalize the binding energies, realizing a transition from anti-binding to binding regime or reverse. In this regard, we specifically show that kinetic energy of single particles, and thus correlation energies of associated complexes, exposed to an electric field remain relatively unaffected and the interplay between direct Coulomb terms reorders the multiexcitonic resonances. Sub-µeV fine structure splitting along with the tunable XX 0 binding energy offers NWQDs promising for generating entangled photons in both regular and time reordering schemes.Single and Few-Particle States in Core-Shell NWQDs Temperature (K) −2 1 2 1 0.5 e J τ = → 2 1 0.5 e J τ = → → 0.5 h J τ =−2 1 → 0.5 h J τ =−2 1
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