Kebutuhan akan energi fosil semakin lama semakin meningkat danmengakibatkan cadangan energi fosil semakin menipis. Sehinggadibutuhkan energi alternatif yang diharapkan dapat mengurangikonsumsi energi fosil. Sedangkan sumber daya air di Indonesia sangatmelimpah. Oleh karena itu, pembangkit Listrik Pikohidro (PLTPH)merupakan sumber energi listrik alternatif. Umumnya PLTPHmenggunakan kontruksi sipil yang permanen serta bobot yang beratsehingga membutuhkan biaya yang tinggi dan lahan yang luas.Sedangkan tidak semua potensi air dapat digunakan untuk konstruksiPLTPH permanen dan lagi kadangkala dibutuhkan sumber energyalternative yang mudah untuk dipindahkan. Berdasarkan permasalahandi atas di butuhkan PLTPH portable. PLTPH portable terdiri darigenerator, rangkaian boost converter dan mikrokontroler digunakanuntuk melakukan pengisian aki. Agar memperoleh hasil keluaran boostconverter yang stabil maka dilakukan pengontrolan penyulutan boostconverter dengan kontrol PID. Rangkaian boost converter di desainuntuk masukan tegangan 2,5V sampai 4,5V dengan keluaran 7,6V.Digunakan kontrol PID pada boost converter dengan nilai Kp = 1, Ki =0,05, dan Kd = 0,2 menghasilkan respon sistem : rise time (tr) = 0,13,settling time (ts) = 0,22, maksimum over shoot (%OS) = 1,053%, errorsteady state (ess) = 1.
Malang City which is located at an altitude between 440 - 667 meters above sea level, and surrounded by mountains. Thus, the city of Malang has many springs and rivers with high speed flow. At present, river flow energy that used as hydroelectric power is very least. River flow hydroelectric power schemes are often presumed to be less ecologically damaging than large-scale storage hydroelectric power schemes, and then low priced materials, easy to use and easy to care for. Therefore, researchers have design of Portable Floating Pico-Hydro (PFPH). PFPH using a low speed DC generator (500rpm, 18VDC, 15A), controller, DC-DC converter and battery as a load. Voltage output of PFPH is set to have a constant output of 14 volts DC with PI control algorithm. Specifications of PFPH are turbine diameter is 500mm, turbine width is 500mm, overall length is 1200mm and overall width is 1200mm. PFPH tested at a water speed of 1.5 m/s - 4 m/s and generated power 10W-223W.
The policy by the Bank of Indonesia to decrease interest rate of Bank Indonesia's certificate, from 11,82% in 2008 to 4,20% in 2012 causes the declination of the interest rate for the bank products such as savings, deposit, and giro. In 2008-2013, Bank "X" which is government owned, and has the second largest asset in Indonesia unfortunately has the customer loyalty level lower than of Bank "Y". Bank "Y" is chosen as the Best of Indonesian Bank Loyalty Championship for conventional bank savings product category, which was organized by Indonesian Bank Loyalty Award (IBLA). To maintain the continuance of the company as well as the banking activities, customer loyalty is one the main keys. In this regard, the objective of the research is to analyze the factors that influence the customer loyalty. The data is analyzed using descriptive statistic and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The result of the research shows that the customer satisfaction variable, switching barriers, and brand activation are significantly affected by customer's loyalty. Reliability attribute, responsiveness, empathy and tangible are capable to influence the customer's satisfaction. The interpersonal relationship indicators, alternative attractiveness and switching cost influence the switching barriers.
Tofu is one of Indonesia’s special foods made from fermented soybean juice. There are several processes in making tofu. One of them is the process of filtering the juice with soybean waste. The filtering process will determine the quality and quantity of tofu. The better filtering process, the more juice are produced. The purpose of this study is to improve the results of the soybean pulp filtering process. One way is to use an induction motor for a spinner filter machine with adjustable speed. To set the speed is using VSD as a motor driver. VSD output is a frequency that can be used to regulate the speed of the induction motor. Determination of motor speed is using the PI Ziegler-Nichols oscillation tuning method so that a stable motor rotation speed is obtained. Kp value = 0.108, and Ti = 0.83 with load test conditions and 700rpm set point has the characteristics of the system response% error steady state = 7.5%, rise time = 4 sec, settling time = 4.5 sec and% over shoot = 0%.
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