Rev Bras Fisioter, São Carlos, v. 12, n. 1, p. 43-8, jan./fev. 2008 © Revista Brasileira de FisioterapiaPlantar force distribution and pressure center oscillation in relation to the weight and positioning of school supplies and books in student's backpack Distribuição da força plantar e oscilação do centro de pressão em relação ao peso e posicionamento do material escolar Rodrigues S, Montebelo MIL, Teodori RM AbstractObjective: The influence of the weight and positioning of school supplies and books in backpacks, on plantar force distribution (PFD) and pressure center location, was investigated among students. Methods: Thirty volunteers of both genders participated in the study. Com 5% na região posterior do tronco, a DFP foi menor no médio-pé direito (mpD) e antepé esquerdo (apE); com 10%, foi menor no mpD e mpE e maior no artelho direito (atD); com 15%, foi menor no mpD e maior no atD (p< 0,05). A força plantar foi maior no atD com carga de 10 e 15% em relação a 5% (p< 0,05). Com carga de 15% nas regiões anterior e posterior do tronco, a trajetória do COP foi maior (p< 0,05) comparada à carga de 5%. A DFP não foi influenciada pelas diferentes cargas e posições da mochila. Conclusões:Considerando o aumento da trajetória do COP com carga de 15%, recomenda-se que a carga das mochilas escolares não ultrapasse 10% da massa corporal. Sugere-se investigação das adaptações da postura às diferentes cargas e posições da mochila, visando detectar possíveis alterações e propor ações preventivas.Palavras-chave: força plantar; oscilação do centro de pressão; escolares.Recebido:
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common disease among the elderly and represents one of the principal public health problems worldwide. Individuals who suffer from diabetes mellitus present a predisposition to develop neuropathies. These problems can be diagnosed by means of the detection of points with greater pressure and diminished tactile sensitivity. Objective: To evaluate the center of pressure oscillatory amplitude in the bipedal position with eyes open and the plantar tactile sensitivity after 12 weeks of proprioceptive training. Methods: Thirteen diabetic volunteers of mean age 61.77±7.55 years were recruited. Baropodometric and sensitivity evaluations were performed before the physical therapy intervention and after six and 12 weeks of therapy. The therapy was applied twice a week and consisted of a circuit composed of 13 stations with different textures. The tactile sensitivity values were subjected to the Friedman analysis of variance test. The data on the anteroposterior and mediolateral oscillation of the center of pressure were analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank test. Results: For the anteroposterior oscillation of the force center, there were significant differences (p<0.05) between the values before and after six and twelve weeks of physical therapy intervention. However, there were no significant differences (p>0.05) regarding mediolateral oscillation between the groups over the course of time. The results also showed significant improvement (p<0.05) in the tactile sensitivity of the points analyzed. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the training undertaken was effective in increasing the plantar tactile sensitivity and reducing the anteroposterior oscillation of the center of pressure in the studied sample.
objective: to identify the variation of sensory perception and motor response in the different phases of the menstrual cycle. method: thirty women aged 18 to 40 years old (23.7 ± 3.60), with body mass index between 18.5 and 25kg/m 2 (21.15 ± 2.32) and menstrual cycle of 21-35 days, participated in this study. a pulse generator was used, with pulsed electric current frequency of 50hz and variable phases of 20 (l20), 50 (l50), 100 (l100), 300 (l300), 500 (l500), 1000 (l1000) and 3000µs (l3000). the threshold of sensory perception (tSp) was identified as the first sensation of increased current intensity and the threshold of motor response (tmR) as the minimum muscle contraction detected. Five collections were done, at each of the following phases: phase 1-menstrual (p1), phase 2-follicular (p2), phase 3-ovulatory (p3), phase 4-luteal (p4) and phase 5-premenstrual (p5). the data analysis consisted of the Friedman test followed by the Rank test, carried out in the BioStat 4.0 ® software, with a significance level of 5%. Results: the tSp was lower in p5 than in the other menstrual phases, for the l20, l300, l500, l1000 and l3000 currents. For the tmR, there was difference in the l20, l50, l500 and l1000 currents between p5 and all other phases; in the l100 current, between p1 and p5; and in the l300 and l3000 currents for p1, p2 and p3 versus p5. Conclusions: the thresholds of sensory perception and motor response varied systematically through the phases of the menstrual cycle, thus influencing motor-sensory behavior.
Objective: To analyze the electrical impedance of biological tissues during electrical stimulation in relation to different segments, surfaces and current frequencies, with increasing distance between electrodes. Method: 20 female volunteers of mean age 23 ± 2.25 years and mean body mass index 20.65 ± 1.44 kg/m 2 were positioned in decubitus with one electrode placed proximally to the wrist and ankle joint lines, anteriorly and posteriorly, or on the posterosuperior iliac spine, and the other electrode was placed at distance of 10, 20, 30 and 40 cm, sequentially. Two currents (100 us and 10 mA) were applied: one at 100 Hz (LF) and the other at 2000 Hz modulated at 100% of the amplitude for 100 Hz (MF), with a minimum interval of seven days. The impedance was calculated indirectly using Ohm's Law, from the applied intensity and the electrical voltage picked up by a system consisting of a digital oscilloscope (TDS 210, Tektronix ®) and a direct current generator (Dualpex 961, Quark ®). For statistical analysis, Anova-F and Kruskal-Wallis were applied, with post hoc (SNK), Friedman test and Spearman correlation coefficient, taking p< 0.05. Results: Despite similar electrical impedance behavior with increasing distance between electrodes for the two currents, there was a reduction in impedance under MF stimulation. In the limbs, approximately 50% of the impedance variance was explained by the increase in electrode separation, although this relationship was not observed on the posterior surface of the trunk. Independent of the current type, the trunk presented the lowest electrical impedance, followed by the lower limbs. Conclusion: The electrical impedance of the tissues was influenced by current frequency and the positioning and distance between electrodes, thus presenting a non-uniform pattern in the different segments.
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