In the latest revision in 2004, the 3rd edition, the Water Safety Plans (WSP) was newly introduced into the World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality. The Hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) is a basic concept that underlies the WSPs, and is also known as the product quality management method in the field of food and the medical manufacturing industries. In the amendments of the Drinking Water Quality Standards in Japan, water suppliers are required to reasonably achieve both safe water and efficient water quality management. Therefore, the HACCP concept is focused as an adequate management method covering a whole process of water supply systems, in a systematic way. The purpose of this study is to investigate a practical procedure in introducing the HACCP into water quality management in Japan. In comparison to conventional applications of the HACCP, unmanageable variations of raw water quality, continuous treatment and supply, and numerous standards of water quality items need to be considered. The HACCP system is expected to achieve a quick response to improvements in water quality, accountability towards consumers and a decrease in accidents.
We have proposed the Intelligent Operation Support System (IOSS) for sewage plants, which can be applied to bulking prediction and control for the activated sludge process. The IOSS can provide guidance and control messages to operators on actions to take based on various kinds of integrated information including on-line process data, image signals on microorganisms, heuristics on plant control and data analyzed manually. To get on-line microorganism image information, a high resolution submerged microscope was developed and applied in a full scale plant. By combining image data with heuristics, the IOSS allows prediction of the symptoms of abnormal phenomena like bulking occurrence, and then provides ways to control the abnormalities thus decreasing the operators' work loads. Furthermore, diagnosis methods for detecting sensor troubles are proposed. Simulation results indicate the IOSS is effective.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.