In the oil and gas industry, which is the basis of the Russian energy market, a significant and urgent question arises: How to distribute companies according to their investment attractiveness? Accordingly, quantitative indicators are needed. Lacking extensive experience in the practical implementation of fundamental rating tools, work is needed to develop methodologies of weighting coefficients and lists, built on the experience of the “big three” rating agencies. The article proposes an algorithm for forming an integral rating of companies based on financial reporting indicators and the author’s rules of fuzzy logic based on the principle of “circular convolution”, from the best to the slave, deepening the analysis to the center, when all companies are exhausted and places in the rating are distributed. The problem of assessing and integrally indexing the indicators of large companies in leading sectors of the economy (e.g., oil and gas, banks, electricity) is becoming manifest, while it is obvious that there is competition between large companies of the country’s leading industries for state investment resources. The nature of the leading industries is such that it is necessary to assess the quality of the company’s functioning based on the formation of rating groups. Based on the rating, investments are distributed among the companies under consideration. The author has developed a portfolio model that is analogous to the Harry Max Markowitz model, which does not contradict this model but allows consideration of a broader range of risk assessments used in the model (for example, the rating of companies). The optimal portfolio is built, taking into account the resulting index and the initial grouping in the hierarchical data correction mode. The logically sequential method of circular convolution of four important indicators to an integral index and a mathematically substantiated method for optimizing the minimax portfolio presented in the work will allow the investor to develop optimal (from the point of view of the transparency of the apparatus used, mathematical feasibility and time spent on the implementation of the software package) tools for investing and enlarging his capital.
The paper considers a set of theoretical, practical and methodological issues related to determining the level of competitiveness of publishing companies by forming an integral assessment. The methodology of the study is the application of the ranking system, the Fishburne method, the definition of the specific weights of indicators, allowing you to assess financial competitiveness of companies, the tools of graphic analysis to calculate the overall integrated indicators that characterize the level of competitiveness of the publishing company. The main findings of the study are to determine the level of competitive potential (LCP) of companies, through integral evaluation. The advantage of the assessment method used is the application of a system of financial, marketing and reputational indicators. This indicator system has made it possible to more accurately determine the level of financial competitiveness and improve the effectiveness of financial and investment decisions made in the publishing industry.
The article studies a number of issues connected with the development of physical culture and sport in the Russian Federation on today’s stage. The authors investigated several models of sport development formed on the basis of international experience. The first model is typical of countries with social structure, where everything is based on budget sources of sport support. The second model is connected with using resources of philanthropists and sponsors. The third model is a combination of first two approaches. When the fourth model is used the focus is made on their own commercial activity with a small share of other sources. The process of professional sport development in Russia moves from the first model to the second and the third one, while the role of the fourth one is growing. The article also provides the normative and legal field of financing physical culture and sport in the Russian Federation, analyzes direct budget steps of support (cash expenses in totality and in section of key articles for 2011–2019) and indirect tax and non-tax steps of support of physical culture and sport. The international practice of supporting sport industry as a socially important field of public relations was shown. The authors underline the most promising lines in motivating the development that could bring the highest economic effect both for professional (commercial) and for mass (amateur) sport, as well as for sport of high achievements, which can foster strengthening the human potential of Russia.
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