Evaluation of HARS shows that the operation is quick, the donors experience little pain, and recovery time is short. The renal function for donors and recipients is somewhat favorable to open surgery and transperitoneal laparoscopic approaches.

In addition to shortening both OT and WIT, HALS enhances the safety margin of the procedure, especially during trocar placement. It is further helpful in preventing torsion of the kidney and controlling potential bleedings, as well as during vascular stapling and kidney removal.

No abstract

No abstract

Mapping of the prostate gland with multiple (six or more) core biopsies is necessary for preoperative assessment of tumour volume, grade and pT stage; these are all of importance when assigning patients with clinically localized prostatic cancer to prognostic classes.