Purpose This paper aims to explain the architecture and design choices of the exchange. Lykke is a FinTech company based in Zurich that has launched the global marketplace for all asset classes and instruments digitized on the blockchain. The authors discuss how the exchange will evolve over time. They explore the macroeconomic benefits of the new blockchain technology. The Lykke exchange is compatible with any type of public blockchain. Design/methodology/approach The authors present the architecture of an exchange for colored coins. By colored coins, they mean issuer-backed securities on the Bitcoin blockchain. Orders are collected and matched by a semi-trusted exchange. Matched orders are settled on the Bitcoin blockchain, where each successful trade between parties appears as a set atomic-colored coins swap transactions. Unfilled and expired orders are discarded. The exchange does not take possession of the traded coins, but needs to be trusted to match trades correctly. Findings Lykke has launched the exchange initially for the main currencies, cryptocurrencies and Lykke coin (entitlement to the shares of Lykke company). Perspective asset classes include futures and options on digital assets, crowd-funded loans for retail and private equity financing for small and medium-sized enterprises, contracts for difference, zero coupon bonds and other fixed income and natural capital bonds. Originality/value Lykke exchange and all its tools and services are open source; the transparency of technology is ideal for research. The paper provides a high-level overview of the exchange and concludes with a research agenda.
The article presents the results of a systematic analysis of the causes and consequences of forest and landscape fires in the USSR and in Russia, which indicate the lack of effective fire protection methods and means from them to date. It is shown that the world community, in addition to flooding landscape and forest fires, bunding and filling of their distribution paths with earth, has no other ways and means of suppressing them. The results of research and synthesis of nanotechnologies and models of fire-fighting helicopters are presented, in which the planet’s atmosphere is used as an “endless source of fire extinguishing composition”, which allows using the developed (thermomagnetic air separators) and produced (membrane air separators and helicopters) re-equip «Avialesookhrana» and the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia in order to reverse the growth trends of fires and losses from them in the forests and steppes of Russia. It is noted that the proposed nanotechnology for suppressing fire can be effectively used not only to extinguish fires on farmland and forests, but also on trunk oil and gas pipelines, vehicles on roads (away from settlements) and facilities in the mountains where water and other extinguishing agent delivery options arelimited.
Статья посвящена проблемам развития наукоемких технологий в сельском хозяйстве и противопожарной защите сельхозугодий и лесных массивов. Описаны примеры наиболее современных решений в области мониторинга состояния сельскохозяйственных культур и лесов с помощью беспилотных летательных аппаратов и мотодельтапланов, малой авиации и вертолетов. Приводятся результаты компаративного анализа затрат и производительности по обработке сельхозугодий, включая решения, применяемые для тушения степных и лесных пожаров в России. Описываются последние достижения в разработке дирижаблей для этих целей, включая запатентованный авторами способ использования гибридных дирижаблей при патрулировании труднодоступных и удаленных территорий, для обнаружения и борьбы с пожарами с применением нанотехнологии газоразделения для замены основного огнетушащего средства (воды) на атмосферный азот. В этом случае исключается основной недостаток современной противопожарной авиации -необходимость возврата к водоему или аэродрому для пополнения запасов воды, при этом кардинально снижаются затраты по тушению пожаров на больших площадях, а также появляется возможность «беспарашютного десантирования» спасателей или специалистов с противопожарной или сельскохозяйственной техникой. Представлены результаты синтеза модели интеграции противопожарных функций и агротехнологий точного земледелия в агропожарном дирижабле.
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