Peptides of synthesis are a very new strategy in cosmetic science and technology for at least two reasons: (1) they are small molecules, easily penetrable in the skin and (2) they are able to induce a very specific action, because all skin cells (keratinocytes, fibroblasts, nervous cells) have membrane receptors for peptides. This group of cosmeceutics includes the botox-like peptides, represented by acetyl hexapeptide 3 (Argireline) and pentapeptid-3 (Leuphasyl). The latter is less known and has been less studied. This substance inhibits the neuromuscular synapses in the mimic muscles, acting as enkephalins. It links the enkephalin receptor to nervous cells, thereby modulating the release of acetylcholine in synaptic space. This cellular activity will be translated in vivo in a relaxation of the muscle and a reduction of expression wrinkles. The aim of our study is to evaluate the optimal concentration of Leuphasyl for skin application at the mimic muscle level, the efficiency and the safety of this peptide. We formulated three emulsions of different concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 2%) which were applied to the skin, at the level of mimic muscles (1) at the eyebrows zone (above the corrugator supercilii muscle) and (2) at the periorbital zone (above the orbicularis oculi muscle). We evaluated the regression of the wrinkles between the eyebrows using an imagistic method: pro-derm Analyser. The study is of interest to discussions concerning how to apply these kinds of cosmetic products at the mimic muscle skin level and not at the level of the wrinkles.
This paper presents an experimental work regarding the optimal conditions of pH for removing mercury from a contaminated soil sample using 0,1M solution of KI. A test stand with a column packed with contaminated soil has been done. A KI solution with neutral pH passes through the column, then a KI solution with acidic pH passes through another similar column and a KI solution with basic pH through the third column. It was collected periodically 10 mL fraction volume. The extracted mercury concentration from the solution is determined by atomic absorption spetrophotometry The results shows that the optimal conditions for cleaning the soil are using an acidic KI solution with a pH = 1, 5 � 2 and 150 mL of KI solution meaning 15 fractions of 10 mL each.
The redox electrode potential of cyanidin was determined both by experimental (cyclic voltammetry) and theoretical methods, at the HF/6--311G(d) level of theory. An isodesmic reaction scheme, involving 1,2-benzoquinone as reference molecules, was proposed for the computation of the electrode potential of cyanidin. The results of the ab initio computations were in reasonable agreement with the available experimental measurements; the differences between experiment and theory were within the range of 0.02-0.05 V. Geometric parameters of the six more stable conformers of cyanidin were computed, as well as the properties, such as atomic charges and contribution to the HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) energies, of each hydroxyl group of cyanidin.
Arterial endothelium produces a large ramge of active factors which are indispensable for modulation of vasomotor tone and maintenance of vascular wall integrity. From these factors, nitric oxide (NO), wich is released by the endothelial cells as a response to acetylcholine or adenosine action on specific receptors, plays an important role.NO is the result of oxidation process of L-arginine into L-citrulline, under the action of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOSe), wich is activated by intracelluar Ca2+ - calmodulin complex . Our study, performed in isolated organ bath, analyzed vascular reactivity of 12 guinea pigs� thoracic aorta rings. After phenylephrine -PHE 10-5 mol/L precontraction, the dose-effect curves for acetylcoline � ACH, adenosine 5� phosphate - 5�ADP and sodium nitroprusside � SNP were determined, before and after incubation of preparation, for 1 hour, with 5% hydrosoluble cigarettes smoke extract (CSE). Statistic analysis, performed with the use of t pair test and ANOVA parametric test, showed that incubation of vascular preparation with 5% CSE has increased the contractile response to PHE 10-5 mol/L (p[0.05), has reduced the endothelium-dependent relaxing response to ATP 10-5 mol/L (p[0.001) and 5�ADP 10-5 molo/L (p[0.001), but has not significantly modified the endothelium-independent relaxing response to SNP 10-5 mol/L (p=0.05). As a conclusion, vascular rings incubation with 5% CSE induced a decrease of endothelium NO synthesis under the action of AXH and 5�ADP, but did not change the smooth muscle fiber respomse in the presence of NO released by SNP.
Twelve bis(benzazole) structures with potential ligand character were investigated by means of computational chemistry. Global and local reactivity descriptors within DFT (Density Functional Theory) theory (Fukui functions, chemical potential, hardness, electrophilicity index) have been computed at B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory. NICS(0) (Nucleus Independent Chemical Shift) index computations were employed for the evaluation of the local aromatic character of each heterocyclic moiety. Best results have been reported for the bis(benzimidazole) derivatives. Copper and zinc complexes of the investigated tridentate ligands have been proposed.
The present available data on the harmful effects of electronic cigarettes (EC) is inconsistent and contradicting. Even though EC is considered a healthier alternative to the traditional cigarettes, several studies reported a large range of toxic compounds. The objective of this study is to determine whether the mercury found in the solutions used for electronic cigarettes is involved in the initiation and aggravation of endothelial dysfunction found in smoking persons with coronary artery disease (CAD). Endothelial function was evaluated by performing organ bath studies of vascular rings from patients with CAD, and was determined as a response to cumulative doses of endothelial-dependent/independent vasodilators, in the presence of Hg2+. Hg2+ extraction was realised using ion exchanging resin PUROLITE S920 from the liquid solution used in EC. The results of this study suggests that Hg2+ may be responsible for the aggravation of the endothelial dysfunction found in smoker of EC patients with CAD.
It can be observed that oxidative stress initiates and aggravates many diseases, including peptic ulcers and gastric carcinoma. An increase in rat mucosal glandular lipid peroxidation (LPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and a decrease in catalase (CAT) levels in gastric ulceration induced by cold retention stress were observed, whereas in patients with ulcerated clinical peptic and gastric carcinoma LPO serum is associated with a decrease in SOD and CAT. It was intended to determine the parameters of oxidative stress in the blood and brain in rats after induction of gastric ulcer, the effect of antioxidant treatment on these parameters and on the appearance of gastric ulcer, determination of correlation between oxidative stress and severity of gastric ulcer in rats and also evaluation of vascular endothelial function by in vitro studies in the organ bath, from rat aortic rings with gastric ulcer vs. normal and others under treatment vs. untreated.
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