In 2001-2002, Danish Environmental Protection Agency developed in Romania the Project IDAQ, focused on transposing and implementation UE Directives on Air Quality. Locally, the project development was mainly based on the specialists'contribution from three selected Environmental Protection Agencies, including Neamt County one. One of the project objectives was to strength the institutional capacities, from technical and staff-training points of view, in order to fulfill the requirements of EU Air Quality Directives. For checking the data representativity and validity in the monitoring networks operated by the selected EPAs, the passive samplers method was used. Passive samplers for SO 2 and NO 2 , produced by the Swedish Institute for Environmental Research, consisting mainly in filters impregnated with specific chemical reagents, put into small size plastic holders, were used parallel with the normal operation of the EPA P.Neamt'air monitoring network. As conclusion, it was confirmed that the air quality monitoring procedure for NO 2 , used by EPA Piatra Neamt, was validated, since the results for SO 2 monitoring weren't enough representative.
Within the privatization process the environmental authorities often face with pollution aspects and with specific measures to be required to the new owners. Especially when a re-conversion of the former industrial sites is expected, the past pollution diagnosis has to be very well defined. This paper presents a case study focused on FIBREXNYLON, which has been selected as a demonstration site. The study was accomplished in two phases: desk study and field investigations. Preliminary field tests and measurements have been performed before sampling groundwater, soil and building materials for the laboratory analysis. The results demonstrate the dimension and the extension of pollution with cyanides on the site. Such a study represents a preliminary assessment of the complex situation generated by the operation of a chemical installation. The historical pollution phenomena, insufficient monitored and managed during the time can generate a potential risk when a certain site is subject of industrial re-conversion.
Fine particulate matter and ground-level ozone are now generally recognized as the most significant in terms of health impacts. This study shows that concentrations of particulate matter up to 10 microns in diameter (PM10) in Suceava city exceeded EU limits set to protect human health during [2004][2005][2006][2007]. In order to design effective PM10 air quality management programmes, it is essential to identify the sources affecting PM10 background levels. For this, PM10 data series were analyzed for relationship to simultaneous measured gaseous pollutants. Significant positive correlations between PM10 and NO x , showing their common combustion origin, and very weak negative or even absent correlations between PM10 and O 3 were observed during cold seasons. During warm seasons, PM10-NO x correlations are weaker, indicating higher contributions of PM10 non-combustion sources. Linear regression of PM10 and NO x datasets was used to quantify seasonal contributions of non-combustion sources at PM10 levels. On an average, this was about 49% for cold season and 63% for warm season.
After 1990, the industry (mainly the chemical branch) is faced to complex transformation phenomena, visible mostly on the large industrial platforms. The technologies since 1970-1980 period are given up and it takes place the demolition/dismantling of the respective production facilities, followed or not by the reconversion of the sites maked free of the obsolete equipments. The chemical installations dismantling activities -besides their extention and complexity, accentuated by the historical pollution too -are generators of waste, in large quantities, various types and, most of it, toxic and hazardous. Therefore, it was necessary, especially after 2000, to establish national and local strategies and rules, in order to develop appropriately these activities, with a minimum possible impact on the environmental components' quality. This paper presents some of the experience regarding waste management during the demolition and dismantling works, achieved by the Working Groups in the Local Environmental Authorities in Neamt County. It presents also the results of about two years of investigation, for a typical case: HCN and NaCN plants belonging to Fibrexnylon SA Savinesti, on Chemical Platform Savinesti, Neamt County. The European and Romanian legislative framework, regarding the specific regulation procedures and the waste management are briefly mentioned too. The managerial planning of the dismantling/demolition activities and the practical approach of the waste forecasting represent important components of the whole demolition management strategy. The Specific Operation Procedures (SOPs) are highlighted, as importance and applicability. Practical examples and information in relation with the studied case are given. The programme was coordinated by Danish Company of Engineering and Consultancy RAMBØLL A/S and benefited by the direct participation of Fibrexnylon specialists.
Savinesti Chemical Platform is located in the Eastern part of Romania, about 12 km S-W far from the city of Piatra Neamt, on the middle stream of Bistrita river and includes 6 companies belonging to the chemical industry sector. Among these, two companies are more important in relation with the air pollution: FIBREXNYLON-producing caprolactum, PA6 fibers/yarns, adipic acid, sulphuric acid, ammonium sulphate-and AZOCHIM-producing ammonia, nitric acid, ammonium nitrate, calcium-ammonium nitrate and pelletized urea. Both companies have their own facilities for steam and, partly, power production: boiler plants and thermal power plant supplied with natural gases. The main technologies are described and-related to this-the main stationary emission sources and the most important air pollutants are evaluated. There are 9 important emission sources; the main noxes emitted are: NO X , SO 2 , NH 3 , dust containing ammonium sulphate (AS), ammonium nitrate (AN), calcium-ammonium nitrate (CAN), aerosols with SO 4 2-. The emission hights are very different, from 28m up to 106m and so is the situation regarding the temperature of the tail gases (3 0 C-140 0 C) and the flows (9 000 Nm 3 /h-60 000 Nm 3 /h). The emission evaluation is done based on the emission measurements data, collected from the Environmental Protection Inspectorate Piatra Neamt and from the selfmonitoring activity developed by the companies. The first conclusion is that the most of the emissions are strongly exceeding maximum allowable limits (MAC). The level, the frequency and the specificity of MAC exceedings is analised and described in connection with the metheorological and climate specific conditions too. One of the final conclusions of this study leads to the necessity to setup additional and more precise assessement methods, in order to define as clearly as possible the dimensions of the polluting impact of Savinesti companies upon the areas around. In this respect, one of the evaluation tools is proposed to be a well chosen dispersion model.
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