In this paper we review the underlying principles of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique, particularly emphasizing its advantages along with its limitations regarding the ability to discriminate between the specific binding response and the interfering effects from biological samples. While SPR sensors were developed almost three decades, SPR detection is not yet able to reduce the time-consuming steps of the analysis, and is hardly amenable for miniaturized, portable platforms required in point-of-care (POC) testing. Recent advances in near-field optics have emerged, resulting in the development of SPR imaging (SPRi) as a powerful optical, label-free monitoring tool for multiplexed detection and monitoring of biomolecular events. The microarrays design of the SPRi chips incorporating various metallic nanostructures make these optofluidic devices more suitable for diagnosis and near-patient testing than the traditional SPR sensors. The latest developments indicate SPRi detection as being the most promising surface plasmon-based technique fulfilling the demands for implementation in lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technologies.
We report a modular electrochemical peptide-based sensor targeting the anti-deamidated gliadin peptide (DGP) antibody. A recognition peptide, here DGP, is grafted onto a supporting peptide bearing a redox label. The fabricated peptide-based sensor supports the detection of the target antibody (anti-DGP antibody) in the nanomolar range.The need for point-of-care testing (POCT) as a cost-effective and easy-to-use platform for clinical diagnosis is pushing new routes in the research of new high-quality, miniaturized and portable devices which can be simple enough to be used at the primary care level and in remote settings with no laboratory infrastructure.
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