Varnost postaja vedno bolj cenjena dobrina, ki se jo čedalje bolj zavedajo tudi deležniki, ki so jo dolžni zagotavljati na lokalni ravni. Izvajanje policijske dejavnosti v lokalnih skupnostih ni več v izključni domeni javne policijske organizacije, to vlogo namreč ponekod prevzemajo tudi zasebnovarnostna podjetja. Zasebno varovanje, ki je sicer gospodarska dejavnost, s svojim delom in pojavnostjo na lokalni ravni zvišujejo stopnjo varnosti v lokalni skupnosti – tu pa je pomembno predvsem zavedanje, da je ta dejavnost po svoji vsebini zlasti varnostno-preventivna. Vsekakor pa je treba tudi na lokalni ravni o najeti varnosti – varnosti za denar, kakor lahko tudi poimenujemo zagotavljanje varnosti z zasebnovarnostnimi podjetji, razmišljati strateško in dolgoročno. Javno naročanje zasebnovarnostnih storitev bo v prihodnosti treba prilagoditi zahtevnim varnostnim razmeram in opredeliti učinkovita merila za izbor izvajalca, da izbor ne bo temeljil izključno na najnižji ponujeni ceni. V lokalnem okolju je še kako prisotna tudi zasebna varnost, ki postaja pomemben element zagotavljanja varnosti.
Bistvo samega praktikuma Prekrškovno pravo je seznanitev študentov s samim pravom o prekrških, razumevanjem splošnih in temeljnih pojmov, ureditvijo prekrškov in sankcij za le-te ter predstavitev hitrega in rednega prekrškovnega postopka. Namen praktikuma je študentom omogočiti, da razširijo svoja obzorja in pridobijo dodatna znanja, pri čemer jih same vaje in navodila le teh spodbudijo, da nekatere informacije poiščejo tudi sami. Praktični primeri, ki so predstavljeni skozi celotni praktikum, predstavljajo dodatno razlago, ki študentom pomaga razumeti in povezati teorijo s prakso.
Currently, the illegal wildlife trade is one of the most profitable illegal enterprises in the world. The aim of our study was to determine the situation with respect to wildlife trade in Slovenia, which is mainly a transit country, before changes to the Schengen borders came into effect. The volume of trade is significant but not extensive. The most common endangered species involved in illegal trade in Slovenia are the brown bear, the peregrine falcon, the date mussel, the lady’s slipper orchid, the common snowdrop, the cyclamen, the sea turtle, the otter, and various reptile species. The smuggling of shells (date shells), ivory (ivory products), certain plants, and various hunting trophies (bears, big cats) has decreased in recent years. Nevertheless, counteracting crimes continues to be important for the conservation of some species in Slovenia, notably the lynx, and for the reduction of poaching. Improvements are needed in the detection and prevention of wildlife crime, especially in light of changes made to the Schengen borders and the consequent inclusion of new trading partners for Slovenia. The lack of people properly trained to identify, detect, and investigate wildlife crime is especially acute.
In Slovenia, the Municipal Warden Services Act (ZORed, 2006, and ZORed-A, 2017) represents the framework organisational legal act regulating the field of work of municipal wardens. In addition to the above act, the field of work and tasks performed by municipal wardens are also regulated by other laws and by-laws. Legal regulations enable and allow authorised persons of municipal warden services to use repressive powers in ensuring security. The article thus presents the security powers of municipal wardens from the point of view of the applicable Slovenian legal order. The article is a scientific review based on grammatical and dogmatic interpretation of applicable legal regulations and selected decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Slovenia, and on an analytical method of the review of the Slovenian legislation in the field in question. The legal methods used by the author also include a synthetic method of comparing the legislation from the underlying Municipal Warden Services Act (ZORed, 2006) and its main amendments set out in the ZORed-A (2017). The paper is a comprehensive review of measures that municipal wardens may use to ensure safety at the local level. The author lists the relevant scientific and professional literature and argues about polemic issues with other prominent Slovenian authors. In Slovenia, laws are being amended, giving more and more powers to municipal wardens. The conceptual changes introduced by the ZORed-A (2017) have resolved some ambiguities, such as the addition/amendment of articles relating to the conditions for performing municipal warden tasks and supervision over their use, but a comprehensive and systematic amendment of municipal warden services legislation would nevertheless be useful.
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