Honduras was one of the Central American countries most severely hit by Hurricane Mitch. Torrential rains and heavy flooding created conditions conducive to a leptospirosis outbreak in the country. A group of Cuban scientists studied 68 patients from the Department of Cortés -one of the country's hardest hit areas -presenting clinical and epidemiological profiles indicative of leptospirosis. Blood and serum samples were taken from all subjects. A microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was used to identify Leptospira strains and to assess protection conferred by vax-SPIRAL ® (Cuban leptospirosis vaccine) against the isolated strain. Prevalence of leptospires in the kidneys and liver was also verified. A male predominance was found in the group aged 15-49 years. Municipalities in this Department with the largest number of cases were San Pedro Sula, La Lima, and Chamelecón. The most frequent symptoms included fever, headache, myalgia, and generalized discomfort. Over 80% of subjects reported presence of rodents in their homes, as well as contact with stagnant water and domestic animals. The strain isolated from positive blood cultures was from the Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup, which was highly virulent in the animal model used. Protection was 100% in hamsters inoculated with vax-SPIRAL ® and subsequently challenged with the Honduran strain. Additionally, macroscopic analysis of organs from immunized animals that survived the challenge showed no signs of leptospirosis infection.
La administración de la memoria es una de las tareas más importantes que realiza el Sistema Operativo, buscando siempre el mejor rendimiento, aplicando métodos y operaciones que ayuden a mejorar el uso de los recursos. El sistema se va a encargar, por medio de sus esquemas de manejo de memoria, de tal forma que se aproveche de manera adecuada la memoria disponible. Trabajando por medio del procesador que va a ser designado para estas operaciones como memoria virtual.
El proyecto encontró un diseño de hormigón con partículas provenientes de neumáticos usados, que después de un proceso de selección, trituración controlada, una dosificación acorde con los parámetros de las normas internacionales de diseño de hormigón del Instituto Americano del Concreto (ACI), la Norma Ecuatoriana de Construcción (NEC), la incorporación de hasta 10 % de caucho triturado como sustituto parcial de agregados gruesos en el diseño de hormigón, se obtienen resultados favorables y de buena resistencia lo que hace que se pueda utilizar cumpliendo todas las normas ecuatorianas de la construcción. También se realizó un ensayo con un 10% de caucho triturado incorporado como sustituto parcial del agregado fino, resultando ser aún más apropiado para fines constructivos y de elaboración de hormigón. En el presente trabajo de investigación se realiza los ensayos como mezclas separadas. Se efectuaron pruebas de vigas con incorporación de agregados gruesos de hasta 15% cumpliendo las normas, pero no se ejecutó una serie completa. Palabras clave: neumático, agregado, hormigón, resistencia.Abstract The project found a concrete design with particles from used tires, which after a selection process, controlled grinding, a dosage in accordance with the parameters of the American Concrete Institute (ICA) international standards of concrete design, Standard (NEC), the incorporation of up to 10% of tired rubber as a partial substitute of coarse aggregates in the concrete design, gives favorable results and good resistance which makes it possible to use all the Ecuadorian standards of the building. A test with 10% of crushed rubber incorporated as a partial substitute of the fine aggregate was also performed, making it even more suitable for construction and concrete processing purposes. In the present research work the tests are performed as separate mixtures. Beams were tested with incorporation of coarse aggregates of up to 15% complying with the standards, but a complete series was not performed.Keywords: Tire, aggregate, concrete, resistance.
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