RESUMENEste trabajo aborda una primera cuestión dedicada a la legislación contenida en los privilegios dados a Orihuela por Juan II de Aragón en abril de 1459 para la reimplantación del sistema de insaculación y las variadas reinterpretaciones que hacía el patriciado local de esa legislación durante el período de los años 1458 y 1479. Esta legislación política y administrativa debía de servir como mediación de la monarquía frente a las luchas de poder de las distintas facciones del patriciado urbano. Y la segunda cuestión presenta el fraude electoral en sus diversas formas, ya sea en las recusaciones contra candidatos electos, las modalidades utilizadas y especialmente, durante la selección y aceptación previa de candidatos en el sistema de graduación para formar las bolsas de caballeros y ciudadanos. Este sistema estaba diseñado en el privilegio de abril de 1459 y aún así, los fraudes electorales se siguieron produciendo. Esta situación reflejaba la tensión política vivida en una ciudad valenciana meridional en la segunda mitad del siglo XV y se enmarcaba en un contexto mayor que reflejaba ese mismo proceso de enfrentamiento urbano de otras ciudades medievales del ámbito del reino de Valencia dentro de la Corona de Aragón.Palabras clave: Juan II de Aragón, reino de Valencia, Orihuela, intervención regia, insaculación, patriciado urbano, fraude electoral y graduación.
The necessary theoretical background for the application of the liquid bridges to the measurement of microacelerations, mainly those acting in the direction of its axis, is developed. At the same time, some other problems related to the experiments and the data acquisition have been treated.First of all, a method which allows the calculation of liquid bridges equilibrium shapes, both stable and unstable, for given values of the slenderness, the volume, the disks inequality, and the Bond and Weber numbers, has been developed.The static stability margins, and the configuration maps and plots have been computed with the results obtained by such method. Those maps include, on top of the above mentioned data, the values of the slope of the meridian curve and the pressure at the lower disk, the energy and the radius at the one quarter of the total length. Such calculations have been done for initially cylindrical liquid bridges varying the volume, as well as for different combinations of the values of the disk inequality and the Bond number, changing the volume.Finally it is shown a method by means of which for a given liquid bridge, where the slenderness, volume and disks inequality are known, it is possible to compute in a very short time the Bond number for each shape, and viceversa, by interpolating in the above mentioned maps, which covers the main target of the Thesis. Finally, an error estimation for the method is developed, as well as some experimental checks. vii
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