Background: Pregnancy in all animal species requires special care and attention. During this period there is great variation in hematological and biochemical parameters. Many times these parameters are misinterpreted as being obtained from nonpregnant animals with unknown parasite status. Objective: To characterize the hematological, biochemical, and parasitological values within the peripartum period of Santa Ines sheep naturally infected. Methods: For this purpose, 45 ewes were used, with an average body weight of 50 kg. Data were collected during pregnancy, birth and, lactation. Measurements included body weight, body condition score (BCS), evaluation of conjunctive staining, and collection of blood and feces. Results: All variables changed throughout physiological stages. Weight and BCS were different between periods (p<0.05). Fecal egg counts (FEC) were higher in the peripartum period, with a predominance of Haemonchus ssp, 92.85%. Mean hematological and biochemical values varied throughout the study, (p>0.05). Conclusion: The influence of peripartum on the parameters studied should be considered and its use as a reference value. Regarding the physiological variations observed during peripartum, proper animal management could help minimizing the negative effects of parasitic infections on productivity.
SUMMARYEvaluation of the testis size is very important in stallions' selection, since it is an indirect determinant of their reproductive potential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biometric testicular traits, calculate the volume testicular and analyze the serum testosterone concentration of the stallion. During six months were measured the tests of adults Brazilian Ponies stallions from northern of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The length, the width and the height of the testicles (TL, TW and TH) were measured. From these measurements, the total testicular volume (TTV) was calculated. The serum testosterone concentration was also evaluated. The data were studied by analysis of variance and were calculated the correlations among the traits. The average of the testis biometry were TL 5.8 ± 0.6 cm; TW 3.8 ± 0.5 cm; TH 4.7 ± 0.4 cm and 111.2 ± 27.7 for TTV. Mean of serum testosterone concentration was 0.89 ± 0.52 ng/dl. High correlations between biometry testicular traits with testicular volume were observed and low to moderate correlations were observed for testicular traits, testosterone and sperm output. The testis size could be an important trait that assists to the prediction of stallion's reproductive potential of the Brazilian ponies stallions. It is suggested that there would be no fluctuation in serum testosterone concentration in Brazilian ponies stallions that coult afect on its fertility.Keywords: andrology, horse, reproduction RESUMOAvaliação do tamanho dos testículos é muito importante na seleção de garanhões, uma vez que é um determinante indireto do seu potencial reprodutivo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as características de biometria testiculares, calcular o volume testicular e analisar a concentração sérica de testosterona de garanhões. Durante seis meses, foram medidos os testículos de garanhões Pôneis da raça Brasileiro adultos, criados no Norte do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. O comprimento a largura e a altura dos testículo (TL, TW e TH) foram mensurados. A partir dessas medidas, calculou-se o volume testicular total (TTV). Os dados foram avaliados por análise de variância e foram calculadas as correlações entre as características. A média geral das características de biometria testicular e volume testicular foram: TL 5,8 ± 0,6 cm; TW 3,8 ± 0,5 cm; TH 4,7 ± 0,4 cm e TTV 111.2 ± 27,7. A média de concentração sérica de testosterona foi de 0,89 ± 0,52 ng/dl. Altas correlações foram observadas entre as características de biometria testicular e volume testicular. Baixas a médias correlações entre as características testiculares com produção espermática e com concentração de testosterona foram observadas. O tamanho testicular pode ser uma importante característica que auxilia na predição do potencial reprodutivo do garanhão pôneis da raça Brasileira. Sugere-se que não há variações na concentração sérica de testosterona nos pôneis da raça Brasileira que poderia afetar em sua fertilidade. Palavras-chave: andrologia, equino, reproduçãoRev.
RESUMO.A presente revisão tem como objetivo abordar a importância de exames diagnósticos para afecções uterinas como no caso de endometrite e endometriose para que se tenha maior sucesso em programas reprodutivos de equinos. A endometrite é a patologia que leva a maior perda econômica na Equideocultura. Essa afecção uterina pode acometer éguas de qualquer idade e em qualquer categoria reprodutiva. Existem éguas mais susceptíveis e situações as quais também levam a uma maior taxa de ocorrência da patologia. A indústria equina vem crescendo muito e cada vez mais busca soluções de alguns problemas encontrados para que aumente a eficiência na utilização das biotecnologias reprodutivas como inseminação artificial e transferência de embriões. O diagnóstico de endometrite através de exames como a citologia uterina, análise microbiológica de amostras coletadas do útero e principalmente da histopatologia através da biópsia de amostra extraída do endométrio das éguas elucidam algumas dúvidas que se tem quando se trabalha com doadoras de embriões que apresentam baixa taxa de recuperação embrionária assim como na escolha de melhores receptoras de embriões já que as mesmas exercem um dos papeis mais importantes no sucesso dos resultados da transferência de embriões. São abordados também alguns tratamento e perspectivas futuras. Os três métodos diagnósticos citados explicados na presente revisão apresentam boa eficiência, com diferença entre os mesmos sendo utilizados em conjunto aumentam a acurácia dos resultados. Diante do exposto, torna-se indispensável a utilização dos métodos diagnósticos discutidos na rotina reprodutiva de éguas doadoras e receptoras de embriões com objetivo de aumento da eficiência na reprodução de equinos. Palavras chave: equinos, patologia reprodução, útero Methods of diagnosis of endometritis in maresABSTRACT. The aim of this review is discuss about the importance of the diagnostic examination for uterine affections as endometritis and endometrosis in order to improve the results in equine breeding programs. Endometritis is a pathology that leads to a great loss in horses creation. This uterine disease affects mares in all different ages and in all reproductive category. There are mares more susceptible as well as situations that provides increase the occurrence of this pathology. The horse industry is increasing constantly and there are necessity of researches about the best solutions of some reproductive problems in order to increase the reproductive efficiency of mares submitted to reproductive technologies as artificial insemination and embryo transfer. The diagnoses of endometritis through exams as uterine cytology, microbiology examination of intrauterine samples and mainly histopathology examination by uterine biopsy clarify some doubts about embryo donor and recipients problems as low embryo recovery rates and high embryo loss rates. This diagnosis methods aid the recipient mare choice, considering this mares very important in the embryo transfer results. Some treatments are also discussed a...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with silage made from sugarcane alone or mulberry and sugarcane on the gastrointestinal nematodes and hematological parameters in peripartum Santa Inês ewes. Three groups, each of 15 ewes, were supplemented with either 100 % sugarcane silage or sugarcane silage and mulberry at ratios of either 75:25 or 50:50. The variables analyzed were weight, body condition, packed cell volume, total plasma protein, hemoglobin, total leukocytes, eosinophils, and number of parasite eggs per gram of feces. All variables were measured individually every 14 days, making ten samples per ewe. Diets with sugarcane added to different proportions of mulberry branches did not influence the blood and parasitological parameters of Santa Inês sheep naturally infected in the peripartum period.
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