Reforming of ethanol in excess of water (1 to 8 molar ratio) has been investigated on Rh/CeO 2 , Rh/ZrO 2 and a series of Rh/CeO 2 -ZrO 2 (with Ce/Zr = 4, 2, and 1). XPS results indicate that the presence of Rh has resulted in partial reduction not only of CeO 2 but also of ZrO 2 (where the presence of XPS Zr 2+ lines were seen at 180.8 ± 0.15 eV). At the temperature range of 400-500 °C, all catalysts showed complete conversion of ethanol with high selectivity towards hydrogen production (approaching the theoretical value of 6 mol of H 2 per mole of ethanol inlet). The effect of the support was mainly noticed on the CO 2 /CO ratios. At 400 °C and above, this ratio was thermodynamically limited for the most active catalysts. For the series Rh/CeO 2 -ZrO 2 , there appears to be a relationship between the total surface oxygen atoms (as determined by XPS) and the extent of water gas shift reaction (WGSR): the higher the surface oxygen concentration, the higher the WGSR.
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