Amphibians play an important role in the ecosystem, where they act as predators of various types of insects and are important biological indicators. However, in reality some amphibian habitats are lost and their activities are disrupted due to the construction of inns and restaurants. This study aims to determine the diversity of amphibians in the Bogor Natural Park. This research used VES (Visual Encounter Survey), in which samples were captured by hand and identified morphologically. The sample in this study was anura in the area where the natural park was located. Data were collected and analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener Index, Relative Abundance Index, and Species Richness Index (Margalef). A total of 13 species were obtained which belong to 6 families. Amphibian diversity index H’ = 0.929. The highest abundance of Chalcorana chalconota was 78.81%. Species Richness Index DMg = 1.858. This study proved that the diversity of amphibians in Bogor Natural Park is low and the level of species richness is in the low category.
Informed Rapidly-exploring Random Tree* (Informed-RRT*) merupakan hasil pengembangan dari algoritma Rapidly-exploring Random Tree (RRT) yang dapat menghasilkan solusi jalur yang bersifat asimptotik optimal tetapi waktu komputasi yang dibutuhkan menjadi lebih lama. Pada awalnya algoritma Informed-RRT* masih menggunakan metode random sampling yang mana metode ini akan mengambil sampel acak pada ruang pencarian. Pengambilan sampel acak inilah yang akan membuat waktu komputasi menjadi tidak optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang algoritma Informed-RRT* menggunakan metode hybrid sampling. Metode hybrid sampling merupakan integrasi dari beberapa metode pengambilan sampel. Pada pengujian ini, performansi metode random sampling akan dibandingkan dengan perfomansi metode hybrid sampling dalam hal waktu komputasi. Pengujian metode hybrid sampling pada algoritma Informed-RRT* ini berbasis simulasi dan dilakukan pada lingkungan narrow, clutter, trap. Hasil yang didapatkan dari pengujian ini adalah penggunaan metode hybrid sampling pada algoritma Informed-RRT* mampu menghasilkan performansi waktu rata- rata komputasi yang lebih cepat 26,4 detik bila dibandingkan dengan metode random sampling pada lingkungan clutter. Pada lingkungan narrow metode hybrid sampling menghasilkan waktu komputasi 24,52 detik lebih cepat bila dibandingkan dengan metode random sampling. Pada lingkungan trap metode hybrid sampling menghasilkan waktu komputasi 5,25 detik lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan metode random sampling. Dari data hasil pengujian, metode hybrid sampling ini dapat menjadi metode pangambilan sampel alternatif untuk digunakan pada algoritma Informed-RRT*
This research has a purpose to find out how the application of final income tax incentive borne by the Government MSMEs in KPP Pratama Kuningan, as well as the obstacles encountered and the solutions taken. The method used in this research is qualitative research methods. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, and documentations. Data analysis techniques are carried out through data collection, data reduction, data display, conclution drawing and verification. The validity of the data was tested by source triangulation. The results showed that the application of final income tax incentives for MSMEs at KPP Pratama Kuningan was good. However, there are obstacles in the socialization process, differences in taxpayer data, and an error in the DJP Online system. The resolution of the obstacles that were carried out included using social media in disseminating information, make an official report (BA) Changes, providing feedback to the DJP Online system holder, and providing consultation facilities via WhatsApp Help Desk. This solution has increased taxpayers who receive final income tax incentives borne by the government.
This study aims to determine the effect of leadership style and organizational culture on employee performance PR. Hm Putra Tasikmalaya. The method used is a quantitative approach with a reserch sample of 51 respondents from employees PR. Hm Putra Tasikmalaya. The data used is primary data. The analytical tool used in this study is multiple linear regression using SPSS version 25. The results showed that the leadership style felt by employees PR. Hm Putra Tasikmalaya had very good criteria. Organizational culture on employees PR. Hm Putra Tasikmalaya has good criteria. Simultaneously leadership style and organizational culture have a significant influence on employee performance. Partially leadership style has a significant influence on employee performance. Partially, organizational culture has a significant effect on employee performance.
The aim of the research is to identify students' difficulties in reading using Question-Answer Relationship. The researchers employed descriptive qualitative research. The participants of the research were seventh-grade students of SMPN 2 Parongpong. To collect data for this study, questionnaire and test were used as the instruments of this research. Then, the data were analyzed qualitatively. The data of the research showed that the students faced several difficulties in reading deal with lack of vocabulary, difficulty in determining main ideas and finding specific information. Keywords: Sudents’ Difficulties, Question Answer Relationship, Reading
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