2.3-month-old (Case 1), one-month-old (Case 2) and 6-month-old (Case 3), Japanese Black
calves presented with mild to severe wheezing. All calves had histories of dystocia at
birth with breech presentation. Physical examination, thoracic radiography, endoscopy or
computed tomography indicated wheezing associated with tracheal collapse and stenosis
caused by perinatal rib fractures. Partial resection of the fractured first and second
ribs was performed on all calves. The respiration in Cases 1 and 2 immediately improved
after the surgery, while Case 3 required two weeks to improve. Cases 1 and 3 grew up
healthy and were sold at auction, but Case 2 had a recurrence of wheezing at three months
post-discharge and showed growth retarding. Partial costectomy may be an effective
solution for control of respiration, however, further cases are required to discuss the
criteria for surgical management and to obtain favorable postoperative prognosis in calves
with tracheal collapse and stenosis caused by perinatal rib fractures.
A 36-day-old Japanese Black calf exhibited wheezing associated with dyspnea from birth. Arterial blood gas analysis revealed a low oxygen partial pressure of 51 mmHg, low oxygen saturation of 83%, and high carbon dioxide partial pressure of 58.8 mmHg. Computed tomography, endoscopy, and ultrasonography showed cyst formation under the epiglottis. When the cyst was aspirated under ultrasonic guidance to secure the airway, 30 ml of viscous white turbid content was aspirated.The cyst shrank immediately after aspiration, but the wheezing and respiratory symptoms resumed 7 days after aspiration. Therefore, the cyst was surgically removed from the ventral side of the neck. No cyst remodeling was observed 30 days after surgical removal.
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