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Purpose of review We seek to define the Millennial generation and identify strengths that can be employed to improve medical and surgical education and career development. We outline how generational traits can be incorporated into adult learning theory, offer suggestions for modernizing traditional teaching and mentorship models, and discuss why Millennials are ideally positioned to succeed in 21st century medicine. Recent findings Millennials (born ∼1981 to 1996) have several consistently identified traits that should be considered when teaching trainees and mentoring junior faculty. Millennials are technologically savvy, accustomed to accessing and assimilating large amounts of information quickly, using the electronic medical record with ease, and learning from a variety of media sources. They learn better with alternatives to traditional lectures, and respond well when given discrete goals, encouragement, and direct feedback early and often. Millennials prefer team-based learning and a flat hierarchy. Millennials are socially responsible, culturally diverse, and strive to promote diversity and work-life integration. Summary Although the individuals that make up the Millennial generation may not encompass each attribute associated with this cohort, collectively, this generation of physicians is positioned to usher medicine into a new era.

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Abstract-The Department of Defense Hearing ConservationProgram provides specific guidance for service components to prevent occupational hearing loss; however, it does not specifically contend with the unique noise exposures observed in the theater of war, such as blasts and explosions. In order to examine the effects of blast injury on hearing sensitivity, we developed a large database composed of demographic, audiometric, point of injury, and medical outcome data, with the primary aim of developing a long-standing and integrated capability for the surveillance, assessment, and investigation of blast-related hearing outcomes. Methods used to develop the dataset are described. Encompassing more than 16,500 Navy and Marine Corps personnel, the Blast-Related Auditory Injury Database (BRAID) includes individuals with a blast-related injury and nonblast control subjects. Using baseline and postdeployment hearing threshold data, a retrospective analysis of the cohort revealed that the rate of hearing loss for the injured servicemembers was 39%. The BRAID will be useful for studies that assess hearing patterns following deployment-related injury, such as blast exposures, that facilitate exploration of health outcomes and whether they are predictive of audiometric disposition and that help establish hearing loss prevention strategies and program policies for affected military commands and servicemembers.

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Irrespective of conventional risk factors, an incidentally-found thickened endometrial lining of less than 15 mm might not warrant endometrial biopsy sampling among postmenopausal women without vaginal bleeding.