A study was conducted of the psychological health of 125 married French women aged between 35 and 39 years, divided into five professional groups of 25 subjects. Two of these groups were taken from a rural area, three from Paris. The criteria of health have been psychiatric symptomatology, psychological impairment, and the frequency of the periods of impairment. A significant difference was found between the farmers and all the other groups. Differential data are also given regarding the medical assistance received by the groups.
M. Dacher—Genii, Ancestors, Neighbours: Aspects ofthe Relation to Earth among the Cirarjba (Goin) (Burkina-Faso).
The Cirarjba (French: "Goin") of south-west Burkina-Faso, 50 000 strong, are an acephalous group of agriculturalists with a bilineal kinship System. They are organized in autonomous villages with the priest of the agrarian cuit as their highest authority. This priest is defined as a direct agnatic descendent of the first human settler, the one who drew a landright covenant with the first real occupant, that is the local génie. However, the actual institution is fully coincident with the assert-ed principle only insofar as the social equilibrium is maintained. The analysis of a succession crisis sheds light upon the Cirarjba's relation to their land and upon their concept of headmanship as well as upon disturbing factors such as conditions of local group settlement, relationships between said groups, population pressure and soil fertility, and opportunities of new means of subsistence.
By comparing two burkinabe societies, lineage and acephalous societies, the author proposes to show the connection between memory of the past and social structure. The Gouin and the Lobi have both known a long migration. While the Gouin have not kept this experience in their memory, the Lobi use it as the main sequence of their initiation wich is then imprinted in the memory of the initiated. This difference might have something to do with the fact that the Gouin have remained matrilineal while the Lobi have become bilineal : their secret patrilineal structure is revealed at the time of initiation along with the migratory and initiatory route. The memory of the migration seems to serve as operating concept in setting up bilinearity. On the contrary the Gouin convert neighbourly relationship into symbolic paternal kinship, thus creating mobile links that vary with neighbourhood changes.
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