The chemomechanical equilibrium of an elastic bar in contact with a chemically aggressive environment is considered. In the proposed model, we neglect dissipative phenomena associated with entropy production and we surmise that equilibrium states are minimizers of the free energy of the system. The free energy depends upon the axial strain in the bar and the degree of reaction of its constituent material with an external agent which is dispersed in a surrounding vapor or liquid solution. The chemical potential of the external agent is assigned. In general, the corresponding minimization problem is nonconvex and it predicts the coexistence of equilibrium phases, induced by mechanical loading and/or environmental chemical composition. The model is germane to the description of several phenomena, such as the swelling of ionic gels in a solvent of varying pH, or the formation of expanding crusts in stone monuments due to acid rain or an otherwise polluted atmosphere.
Mathematics Subject Classifications (2000)74B20 · 74E40 · 74F25 · 74G55 · 74N25
This paper using finite elements (FE) an approach to determine the contact stresses in a flexible pavement under landing aircraft loads is presented. The proposed 3-Dimensional model simulates the behaviour of flexible runway pavements during the landing phase. A study on the impact of a rubber solid on the free surface of a granular plate is presented, simulating an aircraft gear system landing on with a flexible surface. This study is performed considering two tires on the structural pavement, with the real loads applied directly on the two wheels of the gear system. The application takes in account the frictional phenomena developed between rubber solid and the surface of the pavement during the lockwire.
In this paper, the problem of vibrations induced by trains and their propagation through the soil is studied. Particular attention is focused on the vibration induced by trains in motion and on the effects of such vibrations on the foundations of buildings in proximity of the tracks. The interaction between propagating waves induced by trains in motion and buildings foundations is a problem which does not admit a straightforward analytical solution; thus a solution is given by the use of a model based on the finite elements method. Firstly, we analyze the theoretical aspects of the problem by considering constant or harmonic loads moving along a straight railway track; then, we define a transfer function soil-railway and the response function of the entire system. The study aims to address the wave propagation in an elastic semi-space and the presence in the ground of a discontinuity element, such as a barrier of a given depth is considered. The efficiency variation of barriers is analyzed in function of the different materials used, and different numerical simulations are analyzed in order to study how the wave propagation and the track-soil interaction are influenced by the membrane, seen as damping barrier.
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