The paper estimates the possibility of obtaining solid biomass for energy purposes in the Biała Podlaska County (Lublin Voivodeship, Poland). The estimates were based on data on: forest area, orchards and tree stands, land use, crop structure, animal population, and marginal land area in the County. It was found that in most communes, there are great possibilities of obtaining biomass for energy purposes. The largest resource is straw (243,501 Mg per year), which should first be used in agriculture as animal litter and organic fertilizer. Only its surplus can be intended for the combustion and production of pellets and briquettes. In the County, large areas of poor quality land were inventoried, on which perennial energy plants with low requirements can be grown. Up to 113,595 Mg of biomass can be obtained there. The basic condition for the development of targeted energy crops is the emergence of a biomass market: installations that convert biomass into fuels or produce energy on a local scale and sell it to power plants. Currently, a commonly used resource is wood biomass from forests and wood processing, which is used as fuel in domestic boilers, as well as for the production of pellets and briquettes.
By analyzing the resources of the economic infrastructure (distilleries, diaries, fruit and vegetable processing and meat processing factories) of the Biała Podlaska County, the possibilities of the biomass obtaining and creating the biogas plants basing on the agri-food industry waste were estimated. The stocking of animals was the basis for the assessment of manure and slurry resources that can be subjected to the methane fermentation process. On the basis of the data concerning the surface of the wastelands, located on the Biała Podlaska County territory, the possibilities of the biomass from special crops were specified. In the Biała Podlaska County, it was established that there are possibilities for obtaining the biomass for the biogas production: from livestock production (1 475 272 GJ/year), maize cropping in marginal lands (172 875 GJ/year) and wastes and by-products from food industry (51 081 GJ/year). The estimated potential of biogas allows for the construction of several agricultural biogas plants with a capacity of 1 MW e each, often built in Poland. The usage of the identified resources enabling the improvement of the energetic safety and also can contribute to the sustainable development of rural areas and agriculture.
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