This complement to Van de Noort's 1993 contribution to ANTIQUITY extends the pattern in early medieval barrows seen on the British Isles and neighbouring portions of the European continent out to its central and towards its eastern zones.
The Johore Sultanate in Malaysia became one of the stops on Franz Ferdinand’s journey around the world (15th December 1892 – 18th October 1893). During this visit, the Archduke was conferred with the Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Johor (introduced by the Sultan Abu Bakar in 1886), as attested by a certificate dated to 1894, and an incomplete set of insignia of the Order stored in the collection of the National Museum.
The Chaura unique numismatic collection, currently part of the collections of the National Muzeum which plans to gradually publish it, also involves a small phaleristics collection. There, a set of eight Army Crosses from years 1813/1814 stands out. The miniature and additionally revised decoration or private embossing with arms in shape of Leopold’s cross is accompanied by one specimen without secondary modifications. A rare phaleristic assemblage contains five crosses with edges additionally modified with engravings of the names of their bearers, their ranks and affiliations to a military unit. Count Georg Waldstein (1768–1825) and his son Anton (1793–1848), whose memorial decorations are also represented in the ensemble, were members of the so-called Noblegarde, a group of 37 aristocrats from the Czech Lands, accompanying the Emperor Franz I on his victorious campaign to Paris. This topic receives a special attention in the presented article, along with the origin, description and recorded secondary modifications of the Army Crosses.
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