Triple-negative is the rarest breast cancer biological subtype of breast cancer, but has the most aggressive course. The resuls of chemotherapy, especially in advanced disease, are unsatisfactory. Numerous clinical trials have been conducted, that resulted in registrations of new drugs decreasing the risk of recurrence and improving the outcome of patients with metastatic disease. The article summarizes the data on modern therapies registered in recent years. The role of pembrolizumab in perioperative treatment in the early stage was indicated, as well as the importance of olaparib in BRCA mutation carriers. Additionally, in patients with metastatic the indication for immunotherapy (pembrolizumab and atezolizumab), sacituzumab govitecan and PARP inhibitors (olaparib and talazoparib) in BRCA mutation carriers were highlighted.

Ductal carcinoma in situ, a marginal fraction of the mammary gland diseases, is recognized in 25% of breast cancers detected with mammographic screening. The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic value of Van Nuys Prognostic Index, serving to determine the method of treatment according to the recurrence risk From the 737 of cases of DCIS detection patients treated in our department in the years 1996–2011. The remaining 525 patients whose treatment began from excision of local DCIS and whose further course of treatment was determined after histopathological examination, who were left for observation, treated with radiation therapy of breast part left or mastectomy, were qualified for the assessment of mentioned index. The 5-, 10- and 15- year disease recurrence-free survival for the group of 525 patients was 88%, 74% and 62%, respectively. The percentage of 5-, 10- and 15-year disease recurrence-free survival in patients treated in compliance with the VNP Index in individual risk groups did not differ in a statistically significant way. In the low-risk group the percentage of recurrences after local excision, after 5, 10 and 15 years of observation amounted to 8.8%, 22.8% and 28.8%. In patients from this group, the recurrence risk after breast conserving treatment and mastectomy was 2% and 0%, respectively. VNP Index is not an optimal tool for patients with DCIS. It can be helpful only in some clinically difficult cases as one of methods of assessing the risk of recurrence.