OBJECTIVE Resection of insular gliomas is challenging. In cases of intraoperative injury to the lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs), the usual result is a dense hemiplegia. LSAs are usually localized just behind the medial tumor border but they can also be encased by the tumor. Thus, exact localization of these perforators is important. However, intraoperative localization of LSAs using conventional neuronavigation can be difficult due to brain shift. In this paper, the authors present a novel method of intraoperative LSA visualization by navigated 3D ultrasound (3DUS) power Doppler. This technique enables almost real-time imaging of LSAs and evaluation of their shift during insular tumor resections. METHODS Six patients harboring insular Grade II gliomas were consecutively operated on at the Department of Neurosurgery in Bratislava using visualization of LSAs by navigated 3DUS power Doppler. In all cases, the 3DUS data were repeatedly updated to compensate for the brain shift and display the actual position of LSAs and residual tumor. RESULTS Successful visualization of LSAs was achieved in all cases. During all surgeries, the distance between the bottom of the resection cavity and LSAs could be accurately evaluated; in all tumors the resection approached the LSAs and only a minimal amount of tissue covering these perforators was intentionally left in place to avoid injury to them. CONCLUSIONS Visualization of LSAs by navigated 3DUS power Doppler is a useful tool that may help to prevent injury of LSAs during removal of insular low-grade gliomas. However, reliability of this method has to be carefully evaluated in further studies.
Our work represents the first study comparing results of surgeries guided by 3DUS versus conventional navigation. The extent of awake resections of eloquent LGG guided by 3DUS was greater comparing to awake resections guided by standard neuronavigation; use of 3DUS had no impact on the number of new permanent deficits.
Súhrn: Úvod: Historické štúdie naznačujú, že ovariálne cysty sa u žien s Crohnovou chorobou (CD) vyskytujú častejšie v porovnaní s bežnou populáciou. Väčšinou sú popisované náhodne v rámci zobrazovacích vyšetrení abdomenu realizovaných s cieľom posúdiť rozsah perianálneho a/ alebo luminálneho ochorenia. Preto cieľom našej štúdie bolo zhodnotiť prevalenciu a faktory asociované so vznikom ovariálnych cýst u pa cientiek s CD. Metodika: Pa cientky boli identifikované prostredníctvom automatizovaného dia gnostického kódovacieho systému. Zaradené boli tie, ktoré podstúpili zobrazovacie vyšetrenie malej panvy. Zaznamenané boli demografické údaje o veku, liečbe a predchádzajúcej chirurgickej intervencii v súvislosti s CD. Asociácia týchto faktorov s výskytom ovariálnych cýst bola štatisticky vyhodnotená použitím chi-kvadrátového testu. Výsledky: Zaradených bolo 166 žien; 153 podstúpilo magneticků rezonanciu, 8 CT a 5 ultrasonografické vyšetrenie. Celkem 71 % bolo liečených anti-TNF (tumor necrosis factor), 19 % azatioprínom a u 10 % nebola podávaná imunosupresívna liečba. Celkem 33 % malo v anamnéze údaj o min. jednej chirurgickej intervencii. Ovariálne cysty boli popísané v 35 prípadoch. Medzi pa cientkami s ovariálnymi cystami bolo signifikantne vyššie percento pa cientiek liečených anti-TNF (88 %) v porovnaní s pa cientkami bez nálezu ovariálnych cýst (66 %; p < 0,001). Nezávisle od anti-TNF liečby bolo medzi pa cientkami s ovariálnymi cystami signifikantne vyššie percento s anamnézou brušnej chirurgie v porovnaní s pa cientkami bez nálezu ovariálnych cýst (69 vs. 24 %; p < 0,001). Záver: Ovariálne cysty boli nájdené u 21 % pa cientiek s CD, čo je dvojnásobok v porovnaní s údajmi o zdravej populácii. Liečba anti-TNF a brušná chirurgická intervencia predstavujú nezávislé faktory asociované s výskytom ovariálnych cýst. Kľúčové slová: Crohnova choroba-ovariálne cysty-anti-TNF-chirurgická liečba Summary: Background: There have only been a few historical studies suggesting a higher frequency of ovarian cysts among women with Crohn's disease (CD). These cysts are mainly found incidentally during cross-sectional imaging performed to evaluate the extent of perianal and/or luminal CD. Therefore the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of ovarian cysts in CD patients and the factors associated with these cysts. Methods: Women with CD were identified through an automated diagnosis coding system. Patients who underwent cross sectional imaging of the pelvis were further analyzed. Age, medication, and CD-related previous surgical intervention were recorded. The association of these factors with ovarian cyst(s) was tested statistically by the chi-square test. Results: Among 166 women who underwent cross-sectional imaging of the pelvis, 153 underwent magnetic resonance imaging, eight CT, and five abdominal ultrasound. Out of these patients, 10% had no immune suppressive therapy, 19% were using thiopurines, and 71% were treated with anti-TNF (tumor necrosis factor). Thirty-three percent had a history of at least one CD-relat...
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