No abstract

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

The aim of the study was to assess proprioception after shoulder arthroplasty. Twenty-six patients were enrolled who underwent total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) (n=13) or hemi-arthroplasty (n=8) for shoulder osteoarthritis or reversed arthroplasty (n=5) for cuff tear arthropathy. All patients were examined before the operation and then again six months thereafter in a motion analysis study with an active angle-reproduction (AAR) test. In all groups the AAR deteriorated at 60°flexion (from 5.5°[SD 2.8] to 7.6°[SD 2.7]; p=0.007) and at 30°external rotation (ER) (from 6.5° [SD 3.6] to 7.3°[SD 4.8°]; p=0.023) six months after surgery. In the subgroup of TSA, there was deterioration at 30°ER (p=0.036). Otherwise, there were no significant changes within or among the subgroups. Proprioception, assessed by the AAR test, remained unchanged or deteriorated six months after shoulder arthroplasty. This might be related to the reduced pain or to the relatively short follow-up period.

On biomechanical grounds, the largest possible nail diameter should be used, with minimal reaming, so as to minimize fracture site movement. Compression after meticulous reduction should be considered in axially stable fractures.

The virtual validation of automated driving functions requires meaningful simulation models of environment perception sensors such as radar, lidar, and cameras. There does not yet exist an unrivaled standard for perception sensor models, and radar especially lacks modeling approaches that consistently produce realistic results. In this paper, we present measurements that exemplify challenges in the development of meaningful radar sensor models. We highlight three major challenges: multi-path propagation, separability, and sensitivity of radar cross section to the aspect angle. We also review previous work addressing these challenges and suggest further research directions towards meaningful automotive radar simulation models.

Patients with PTCL are not equally suited for treatment with UKA like patients with bone on bone. Although PTCL has equal clinical results, it was associated with higher revision rates in our series.

Clearance of the implant within the medullary canal, the flexibility of the implant itself, and the compliance of the implant (nail and locking screws) within the bone determine the extent of movement. The implant flexibility and the clearance are strongly dependent on the thickness of the intramedullary nail.

No abstract